上次说了单体架构和微服务之前优缺点的对比,也说了zookeeper和Eureka理论上的区别,也说了Eureka高水平的架构。Eureka Server 和Eureka Client也就是消费者和生产者的的关系。
Eureka分区的概念(一)
用户量比较大或者用户地理位置分布范围很广的项目,一般都会有多个机房。这个时候如果上线springCloud服务的话,我们希望一个机房内的服务优先调用同一个机房内的服务,当同一个机房的服务不可用的时候,再去调用其它机房的服务,以达到减少延时的作用。
eureka提供了region和zone两个概念来进行分区,这两个概念均来自于亚马逊的AWS:
- ① region
可以简单理解为地理上的分区,比如亚洲地区,或者华北地区,再或者北京等等,没有具体大小的限制。根据项目具体的情况,可以自行合理划分region。
- ②zone
可以简单理解为region内的具体机房,比如说region划分为北京,然后北京有两个机房,就可以在此region之下划分出zone1,zone2两个zone。
Eureka简单搭建(二)
- ① EurekaServer
pom 配置,加入spring cloud父POM及spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.tuling.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>04-eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>04-eureka-server</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Edgware.SR3</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- eureka server -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 安全模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.properties
server.port=8761
#取消向eureka server(注册中心)注册
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
#取消向eureka server(注册中心)获取注册信息
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
#eureka 提供服务发现的地址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://idig8:777@localhost:8761/eureka
#eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka
# 安全模块
security.basic.enabled=true
security.user.name=idig8
security.user.password=777
- ② 启动类
pom.xml
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerStart {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerStart.class, args);
}
}
- ③ order端
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.tuling.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>04-microservice-order</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>04-microservice-order</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Edgware.SR3</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- eureka -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 监控和管理生产环境模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring WEB -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 集成Mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.properties
spring.application.name=microservice-order
server.port=8082
## db config
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
## log
logging.level.root=INFO
logging.level.org.springframework.web=DEBUG
logging.level.com.tuling.springcloud=DEBUG
#eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://zhangfei:777@localhost:8761/eureka
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
eureka.instance.instance-id=${spring.application.name}:${spring.application.instance_id:${server.port}}
controller
package com.tuling.springcloud.api;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrderController.class);
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
//http://localhost:8082/order/user/getById?userId=1
@RequestMapping("/user/getById")
public Object getUserById(String userId) {
String url = "http://localhost:8081/user/getById?id=" + userId;
logger.debug("param userId : {}, request url : {}", userId, url);
Object result = restTemplate.getForEntity(url, Object.class);
return result;
}
@RequestMapping("/user/getByIdEureka")
public Object getUserByIdEureka(String userId) {
String url = "http://microservice-user/user/getById?id=" + userId;
Object result = restTemplate.getForEntity(url, Object.class);
return result;
}
}
启动类
package com.tuling.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderMicroStart {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SpringApplication.run(OrderMicroStart.class, args);
}
}
Eureka重要概念(三)
按照这个思路去观看源码
- Register 服务注册
- Renew 服务的续期
- Fetch Registers : 获取注册列表信息
- Eviction 服务剔除
- Cancel: 服务下线
PS:eureka在springcloud中充当服务注册功能,相当于dubbo+zk里面得zk,但是比zk要简单得多,zk可以做得东西太多了,包括分布式锁,分布式队列都是基于zk里面得四种节点加watch机制通过长连接来实现得,但是eureka不一样,eureka是基于HTTPrest来实现的,就是把服务的信息放到一个ConcurrentHashMap中,然后服务启动的时候去读取这个map,来把所有服务关联起来,然后服务器之间调用的时候通过信息,进行http调用。eureka包括两部分,一部分就是服务提供者(对于eureka来说就是客户端),一部分是服务端,客户端需要每个读取每个服务的信息,然后注册到服务端,很明显了,这个服务端就是接受客户端提供的自身的一些信息。