LNMP环境搭建
目录
1 环境准备... 1
1.1 克隆虚拟机... 1
1.2 配置IP. 1
1.3 准备安装软件包... 1
2 安装Nginx. 1
1）更改hostname、创建所需软件存放目录...1
2）下载或上传安装所需要的软件...1
3）解压安装nginx.1
4) 关闭防火墙... 1
5) 编辑nginx.conf1
6）创建web服务对应的目录...1
7）修改本地host文件 解析设置的IP地址（注意点）...1
8）编辑nginx.conf1
3 安装Mysql1
1）解压编译cmake软件...1
2）安装相关依赖包...1
3）创建mysql用户及用户组...1
4）解压编译mysql1
5）创建链接以及设置mysql的环境变量...1
6）创建mysql启动配置文件...1
7）进行mysql初始化（两个OK）...1
8) mysql的基本相关设置... 1
9) MySQL基础管理操作命令... 1
4 安装PHP. 1
5 LNMP整合配置实践操作... 1
1) 编辑nginx.conf1
2) 检查nginx配置文件，平滑重启... 1
3） 编辑index.php文件，看是否可以解析... 1
4）编辑index.php/mysql.php文件...1
1 环境准备
1.1 克隆虚拟机
参考LAMP环境搭建；
1.2 配置IP
192.168.1.67
1.3 准备安装软件包
libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
nginx-1.6.2
nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
php-5.3.27.tar.gz
2 安装Nginx
1）更改hostname、创建所需软件存放目录
[root@moban ~]# hostname lnmp
[root@moban ~]# logout
[root@lnmp ~]# mkdir /home/oldboy/tools -p
2）下载或上传安装所需要的软件
[root@lnmp~]# cd /home/oldboy/tools/
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804164 Jun 9 03:30 nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15008639 Jun 9 04:16 php-5.3.27.tar.gz
[root@lnmptools]# yum install pcre pcre-devel -y
[root@lnmptools]# yum install openssl openssl-devel -y
[root@lnmp tools]# rpm -qa pcre* open*
openssh-clients-5.3p1-84.1.el6.x86_64
openldap-2.4.23-31.el6.x86_64
openssl098e-0.9.8e-17.el6.centos.2.x86_64
pcre-7.8-6.el6.x86_64
openssh-5.3p1-84.1.el6.x86_64
pcre-devel-7.8-6.el6.x86_64
openssl-devel-1.0.1e-30.el6.11.x86_64
openssh-server-5.3p1-84.1.el6.x86_64
openssl-1.0.1e-30.el6.11.x86_64
3）解压安装nginx
[root@lnmp tools]# tar xfnginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
[root@lnmp tools]# cdnginx-1.6.2
##创建用户nginx并且进行编译安装
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]#useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# idnginx
uid=500(nginx) gid=500(nginx) groups=500(nginx)
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]#./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/application/nginx1.6.2--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# make&& make install
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# echo$?
0
##创建链接
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# ln -s /application/nginx1.6.2/ /application/nginx
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# ll /application/nginx
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# ll /application/nginx/
##检查语法并且启动服务：
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]#/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]#/application/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]#netstat -lntup|grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4796/nginx
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# ps-ef | grep nginx
root 4796 1 0 15:43 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process/application/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 4797 4796 0 15:43 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root 4801 2447 0 15:43 pts/0 00:00:00 grep nginx
4) 关闭防火墙
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# service iptables stop
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# setenforce 0
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# getenforce 0
5) 编辑nginx.conf
[root@lnmp nginx-1.6.2]# cd /application/nginx/conf/
[root@lnmp conf]# cpnginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
[root@lnmp conf]# egrep -v"#|^$" nginx.conf.default >nginx.conf
[root@lnmp conf]# vi nginx.conf
worker_processes 2;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
######################################################___1
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.etiantian.org;
root /data/html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
######################################################___2
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.etiantian.org;
root /data/html/blog;
index index.html index.htm;
}
######################################################___3
server {
listen 80;
server_name bbs.etiantian.org;
root /data/html/bbs;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
6）创建web服务对应的目录
[root@lnmp conf]# mkdir/data/html/{www,blog,bbs,wiki} -p
[root@lnmp conf]# touch/data/html/{www,blog,bbs,wiki}/index.html
[root@lnmp conf]# for name in www blog bbs wiki;doecho "http://$name.etiantian.org">/data/html/$name/index.html;done
[root@lnmp conf]# for name in www blog bbs wiki;docat /data/html/$name/index.html;done
http://www.etiantian.org
http://blog.etiantian.org
http://bbs.etiantian.org
http://wiki.etiantian.org
[root@lnmp conf]# ../sbin/nginx -t
[root@lnmp conf]# ps -ef |grep nginx
root 4796 1 0 15:43 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process/application/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 4797 4796 0 15:43 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root 4925 2447 0 16:28 pts/0 00:00:00 grep nginx
[root@lnmp conf]# ../sbin/nginx -s reload
7）修改本地host文件 解析设置的IP地址（注意点）
192.168.1.67 www.etiantian.org blog.etiantian.org bbs.etiantian.org etiantian.org status.etiantian.org
8）编辑nginx.conf
[root@lnmp conf]# vi nginx.conf
worker_processes 2;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.etiantian.org;
root /data/html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.etiantian.org;
root /data/html/blog;
index index.html index.htm;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name bbs.etiantian.org;
root /data/html/bbs;
index index.html index.htm;
}
##status
server {
listen 80;
server_name status.etiantian.org;
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
}
检查并重启nginx
[root@lnmp conf]# ../sbin/nginx -t
[root@lnmp conf]# ../sbin/nginx -s reload
3 安装Mysql
1）解压编译cmake软件
[root@lnmp tools]# tar xf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.8
./configure
gmake
gmake install
2）安装相关依赖包
[root@lnmp cmake-2.8.8]# cd ../
[root@lnmp tools]# yum install ncurses-devel -y
[root@lnmp tools]# yum install libaio-devel -y
3）创建mysql用户及用户组
[root@lnmp tools]# groupadd MySQL
[root@lnmp tools]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin-M -g mysql
4）解压编译mysql
[root@lnmp tools]# tar xf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz
[root@lnmp tools]# cd mysql-5.5.32
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock\
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# make && make install
5）创建链接以及设置mysql的环境变量
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# ln -s/application/mysql-5.5.32 /application/mysql
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# ll /application/mysql/
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# tail -1 /etc/profile
export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# source /etc/profile
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# echo $PATH
/application/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]#
6）创建mysql启动配置文件
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# cpsupport-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# chown -R mysql.mysql/application/mysql/data
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# chmod -R 1777 /tmp/
7）进行mysql初始化（两个OK）
[root@lnmp mysql-5.5.32]# cd /application/mysql/scripts/
[root@lnmp scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
8) mysql的基本相关设置
[root@lnmp scripts]# cd ../
[root@lnmp mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@lnmp mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@lnmp mysql]#/etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!
[root@lnmp mysql]# mysqladmin-uroot password '888888'
[root@lnmp mysql]# mysql-uroot -p888888
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.32 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of OracleCorporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of theirrespective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clearthe current input statement.
mysql> GRANT ALLPRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit
Bye
9) MySQL基础管理操作命令
①单实例数据库mysql的启动命令：/etc/init.d/mysqld start。
②检查端口：ss -lntup|grep 330或者使用netstat -lntup|grep 330.
③检查进程：ps -ef|grep mysql|grep -v grep 两个主要的进程，一个就是mysql_safe一个是mysqld。
④mysql启动的基本原理：/etc/init.d/mysqld start是一个shell的启动脚本，启动后会最终调用mysqld_safe脚本，最后调用mysqld服务器启动mysql。文件vim /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server 中的$bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
⑤初始化时候启动方法：mysql_safe --user=mysql &，当找回root密码的时候用此方法启动，和/etc/init.d/mysqld 的启动实质是一样的。
⑥常用关闭mysql命令：/etc/init.d/mysqld stop 然后查看端口是否关闭。
⑦mysql关闭的原理：在脚本文件/etc/init.d/mysqld文件中内容有两个地方需要注意：if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)还有一个地方就是kill $mysqld_pid。
⑧强制关闭数据库方法：
killall mysqld
pkill mysqld
killall -9 mysqld
⑨优雅关闭数据库方法：
第一种：mysqladmin方法：mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 shutdown
##${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown
第二种：自带脚本方法：/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
第三种：kill 信号方法：kill -USR2 ‘cat path/pid’（最好不要使用）
4 安装PHP
1）上传所需要安装的软件及插件
[root@lnmp conf]# cd /home/oldboy/tools/
[root@lnmp tools]# ll
total 23000
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4984397 Jun 9 04:16 libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1335178 Jun 9 04:16 libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 471915 Jun 9 04:16 mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 931437 Jun 9 04:16 mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 9 1001 1001 4096 Jun 17 15:41 nginx-1.6.2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 804164 Jun 9 03:30 nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15008639 Jun 9 04:16 php-5.3.27.tar.gz
[root@lnmp tools]#
2）安装PHP依赖的插件
[root@lnmp tools]# yuminstall -y libxslt-devel
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# yuminstall zlib libxml libjpeg freetype libpng gd curl libiconv zlib-devellibxml2-devel libjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel curl-devel -y
[root@lnmp tools]# rpm -qazlib libxml libjpeg freetype libpng gd curl libiconv zlib-devel libxml2-devellibjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel curl-devel
[root@lnmp tools]# tar zxflibiconv-1.14.tar.gz
[root@lnmp tools]# cd libiconv-1.14
[root@lnmp libiconv-1.14]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
make
make install
[root@lnmp libiconv-1.14]# cd ../
[root@lnmp tools]# tar zxflibmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make
make install
sleep 2
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../
[root@lnmp tools]# tar zxfmhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
sleep 2
cd ../
rm -f /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.*
rm -f /usr/lib64/libmhash*
ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libmcrypt.la/usr/lib64/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libmcrypt.so/usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4/usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8/usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libmhash.a/usr/lib64/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libmhash.la/usr/lib64/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libmhash.so/usr/lib64/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libmhash.so.2/usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib64/libmhash.so.2.0.1/usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config/usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
[root@lnmp tools]# tar zxfmcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
make
make install
cd ../
sleep 2
3）安装PHP软件
[root@lnmp tools]# yuminstall openssl-devel -y
[root@lnmp tools]# tar xfphp-5.3.27.tar.gz
[root@lnmp tools]# cd php-5.3.27
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# ./configure \
--prefix=/application/php5.3.27 \
--with-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--enable-short-tags \
--enable-zend-multibyte \
--with-gd \
--with-xmlrpc \
--with-openssl \
--enable-soap \
--enable-sockets \
--with-xsl \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr \
--enable-static \
--enable-xml \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-safe-mode \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--with-curlwrappers \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-fpm \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-zip \
--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--enable-ftp
###出现以下界面表示编译完成
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License: |
| This software is subject to the PHPLicense, available in this |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms ofthis license agreement. |
| If you do not agree with the terms ofthis license, you must abort |
| the installation process at thispoint. |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Thank you for using PHP.
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# ln -s/application/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# make&& make install
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# ln -s/application/php5.3.27/ /application/php
4) 拷贝php配置文件
[root@lnmp bbs]# cd /home/oldboy/tools/php-5.3.27
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# cp php.ini-production/application/php/etc/php.ini
5) 拷贝php启动脚本，php-fpm配置文件，更改php-fpm权限为755；添加php-fpm开机启动；
[root@lnmp etc]# cd /home/oldboy/tools/php-5.3.27
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm/etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# mv/application/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /application/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
6) 更改php-fpm的权限为755；添加php-fpm到系统启动项，并设置开机启动；启动php-fpm；
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# chmod755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]#chkconfig --add php-fpm
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]#service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[root@lnmpphp-5.3.27]# chkconfig php-fpm on
这样也可以
[root@lnmpphp-5.3.27]# /application/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
[17-Jun-2015 20:06:48] NOTICE: configuration file/application/php5.3.27/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
[root@lnmpphp-5.3.27]# /application/php/sbin/php-fpm
#将以下三项放入到/etc/rc.local，开机启动。文件中开启服务是从后往前，开启，停止服务是从前往后停止。
[root@lnmpphp-5.3.27]# vi /etc/rc.local
##nginx+php-fpm by TS at 2014.10.09
/application/nginx/sbin/nginx
/application/php/sbin/php-fpm
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# netstat -lntup|grep php-fpm
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 72576/php-fpm
5 LNMP整合配置实践操作
1) 编辑nginx.conf
[root@lnmp php-5.3.27]# cd /application/nginx/conf/
[root@lnmp conf]# vi nginx.conf
worker_processes 2;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.etiantian.org;
root /data/html/www;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
access_log logs/www_access.log;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
includefastcgi.conf;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.etiantian.org;
root /data/html/blog;
index index.phpindex.html index.htm;
access_log logs/blog_access.log;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name bbs.etiantian.org;
root /data/html/bbs;
index index.phpindex.html index.htm;
access_log logs/bbs_access.log;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
}
##status
server {
listen 80;
server_name status.etiantian.org;
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
}
2) 检查nginx配置文件，平滑重启
[root@lnmp conf]#/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
[root@lnmp conf]#/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@lnmp data]# cd/data/html/
[root@lnmp html]# ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 17 15:51 bbs
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 17 15:51 blog
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 17 15:51 wiki
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 17 15:51 www
3） 编辑index.php文件，看是否可以解析
[root@lnmp html]# cd www
[root@lnmp www]# vi index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
4）编辑index.php/mysql.php文件
[root@lnmp www]# cd ../bbs/
[root@lnmp bbs]# vi index.php
<?php
$link_id=mysql_connect('192.168.1.66','root','888888') or mysql_error();
if($link_id){
echo "mysql successful by TS !";
}else{
echo mysql_error();
}
?>
[root@lnmp bbs]# vi mysql.php
<?php
$link_id=mysql_connect('192.168.1.67','root','888888') or mysql_error();
if($link_id){
echo "mysql successful by TS !";
}else{
echo mysql_error();
}
?>
这里LNMP是免安装mysql的PHP安装需要将编译参数中的指定mysql路径”--with-mysql=/application/mysql \”参数换成下面三个编译参数：
--with-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
不知道是不是这个原因，php连接MySQL不能给localhost,要指定IP才可以连接成功；
6 参考资料：
http://tslove.blog.51cto.com/9115838/1592742
http://8802265.blog.51cto.com/8792265/1650624
http://tslove.blog.51cto.com/9115838/1596567
随时随地看视频
