css3多级菜单导航栏、侧边菜单栏-原创手记-慕课网

一、简单的导航栏

首先通过一个入门级的导航栏来练习一下

1、先布局好html的结构

2、通过css样式得到想要的导航效果

上面第一个例子让大家简单的了解了菜单栏的原理，在不同过js的情况下，就可以轻松实现二级菜单栏，三级菜单也可以在此基础上添加。至于一些细节的处理，就要靠大家自己去调整了。

在例子一中，其实还有个坑，就是在二级菜单展示之后，会影响下方容器的布局。

从上图中可以很清楚的看到，子菜单在隐藏和显示的时候会对其他标签产生影响

在第二个例子中，就对这一问题进行了处理

二、升级版翻转菜单导航栏

为了解决例子一中，二级菜单会隐藏和显示两种状态下会影响原来标签样式的布局，做以下优化

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>菜单栏</title>
    <style>
        *{
            padding: 0;
            margin: 0;
        }
        ol,ul,li{
            list-style: none;
        }
        .testBody>header{
            line-height: 50px;
            background-color: dodgerblue;
        }
        .testBody>nav{
            font-size: 14px;
            background-color: cornflowerblue;
            height: 30px;
        }
        .testBody>nav>ul{
            width: 100%;
            background-color: rgba(100, 149, 237,1);
        }
        .testBody>nav>ul>li{
            float: left;
            padding: 5px 10px;
            background-color: rgba(100, 149, 237,0.8);
        }
        .testBody>nav>ul>li>ul>li{
            padding: 5px 10px;
            background-color: rgba(100, 149, 237,0.6);
        }
        .testBody>nav>ul>li>ul{
            display: none;
        }
        .testBody>nav>ul>li:hover{
            color: white;
            background-color: burlywood;
        }
        .testBody>nav>ul>li:hover ul{
            display: block;
        }
        .test1{
            background-color: yellow;
            width: 200px;
            height: 100px;
        }
        /**例子2**/
        .test2Body{
            width: 80%;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        .testBottom{
            background-color: aquamarine;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul{
            width: 100%;
            background-color: dodgerblue;
            text-align: center;
            font-size: 14px;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li{
            position: relative;
            float: left;
            line-height: 50px;
            width: 20%;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li:hover{
            color: white;
            background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li:hover ul{
            display: block;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li>ul{
            display: none;
            position: absolute;
            width: 100%;
            z-index: 100;
            background-color: dodgerblue;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li>ul>li{
            display: inline-block;
            width: 100%;
            background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
            animation-name: navAnim;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li>ul>li:nth-of-type(1){
            animation-duration: 0.25s;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li>ul>li:nth-of-type(2){
            animation-duration: 0.5s;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li>ul>li:nth-of-type(3){
            animation-duration: 1s;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li>ul>li:nth-of-type(4){
            animation-duration: 1.5s;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li>ul>li:nth-of-type(5){
            animation-duration: 2s;
        }
        .test2Body>nav>ul>li>ul>li:hover{
            color: white;
            background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);
        }
        @keyframes navAnim
        {
            0%{transform: rotateY(180deg)}
            50%{transform: rotateY(90deg)}
            100%{transform: rotateY(0deg)}
        }
        .closeFloat:after{display:block;clear:both;content:"";visibility:hidden;height:0}
        .closeFloat{zoom:1}
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="testBody">
    <header>
        假装有logo
    </header>
    <nav>
        <ul>
            <li>
                菜单一
                <ul>
                    <li>子菜单一</li>
                    <li>子菜单二</li>
                    <li>子菜单三</li>
                    <li>子菜单四</li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li>
                菜单二
                <ul>
                    <li>子菜单一</li>
                    <li>子菜单二</li>
                    <li>子菜单三</li>
                    <li>子菜单四</li>
                </ul>
            </li>
        <li>
            菜单三
            <ul>
                <li>子菜单一</li>
                <li>子菜单二</li>
                <li>子菜单三</li>
                <li>子菜单四</li>
            </ul>
        </li>
            <li>
                菜单四
                <ul>
                    <li>子菜单一</li>
                    <li>子菜单二</li>
                    <li>子菜单三</li>
                    <li>子菜单四</li>
                </ul>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </nav>
    <div class="test1">
        <p>
            我是下方容器
        </p>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="test2Body">
    <nav>
        <ul class="closeFloat">
            <li>菜单一
                <ul>
                    <li><a>子级菜单1</a></li>
                    <li><a>子级菜单2</a></li>
                    <li><a>子级菜单3</a></li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li>菜单二</li>
            <li>菜单三
                <ul>
                    <li><a>子级菜单1</a></li>
                    <li><a>子级菜单2</a></li>
                    <li><a>子级菜单3</a></li>
                    <li><a>子级菜单4</a></li>
                    <li><a>子级菜单5</a></li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li>菜单四</li>
            <li>菜单五</li>
        </ul>
    </nav>
</div>
<div class="testBottom">
    菜单栏是否会影响我呢？
</div>
</body>

三、侧边菜单栏

除了水平方向的菜单栏外，工作中也时常需要使用到侧边菜单栏

首先依旧先看html结构

因为懒。。所以，js效果直接用jq写了

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link href="css/iconfont1.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.2.1.js"></script>
    <style>
        *{  margin: 0;  padding: 0;  }
        ol,ul,li{  list-style: none;  }
        .sideNav{  width: 200px;  position: fixed;  top:0;  bottom: 0;  background-color:#292929;  color: white;  }
        .oneStair:hover{  background-color: #111;  text-shadow: 0px 0px 2px #EEEEEE;}
        .titleStair{  font-size: 16px;  line-height: 45px;  padding: 0 12px;  box-sizing: border-box;  }
        .titleStair *{  display: inline-block;  }
        .titleStair>h4{  text-indent: 1em;  }
        .pullDown{  float: right;  }
        .pullDown1{  transform:rotate(-90deg);  }
        .stairUL{  display: none;  font-size: 13px;  padding-left: 40px;  padding-right: 12px;  box-sizing: border-box;  }
        .stairUL>li{  display: flex;  align-items:center;  padding: 2px 0;  }
        .stairUL>li>i{  margin-right: 2px;  }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="sideNav">
    <div class="oneStair">
        <div class="titleStair">
            <i class="iconfont icon-home"></i><h4>一级菜单1</h4><i class="iconfont icon-xiajiantou pullDown pullDown1"></i>
        </div>
        <ul class="stairUL">
            <li><i class="iconfont icon-iconfontwendang"></i>子级菜单1</li>
            <li><i class="iconfont icon-iconfontwendang"></i>子级菜单2</li>
            <li><i class="iconfont icon-iconfontwendang"></i>子级菜单3</li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="oneStair">
        <div class="titleStair">
            <i class="iconfont icon-gongnengdingyi"></i><h4>一级菜单2</h4><i class="iconfont icon-xiajiantou pullDown pullDown1"></i>
        </div>
        <ul class="stairUL">
            <li><i class="iconfont icon-iconfontwendang"></i>子级菜单1</li>
            <li><i class="iconfont icon-iconfontwendang"></i>子级菜单2</li>
            <li><i class="iconfont icon-iconfontwendang"></i>子级菜单3</li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="oneStair">
        <div class="titleStair">
            <i class="iconfont icon-tiaoshi"></i><h4>一级菜单3</h4><i class="iconfont icon-xiajiantou pullDown pullDown1"></i>
        </div>
        <ul class="stairUL">
            <li><i class="iconfont icon-iconfontwendang"></i>子级菜单1</li>
            <li><i class="iconfont icon-iconfontwendang"></i>子级菜单2</li>
            <li><i class="iconfont icon-iconfontwendang"></i>子级菜单3</li>
        </ul>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
<script>
    $(function(){
        $(".pullDown").click(function(){
            $(this).toggleClass("pullDown1");
            $(this).parent().parent().children(".stairUL").slideToggle();
        });
    });
</script>