在这种情况下（输入框）捕获元素（Xpath 或 CSS 选择器）的最佳方式？

Question

我正在尝试用 selenium 抓取一个网站，我主要使用 xpath 或 CSS 选择器来抓取元素。但是我注意到这些是动态的（即使我在网上读到 CSS 选择器不应该是动态的）而且我不得不经常重新编写代码。我对此很陌生，想帮助找出最好的方法。下面是一个元素的示例，它是我试图获取的输入框，我知道像 ID 这样的更明确的选择器使用起来更可靠，但在这种情况下我似乎找不到任何标识符。下面的元素 -

<dpm-input-number-bare><input size="1" type="text" placeholder="" class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched"></dpm-input-number-bare>

这不起作用 -

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("ng-valid.ng-dirty.ng-touched")

这是更高级别 - 它基本上是一个输入固定利率的输入框（框旁边的标签）

<div class="dpm-form-row"><dpm-input-number class="flex-6"><dpm-input-label><label>Fixed Rate</label></dpm-input-label><dpm-input-number-bare><input size="1" type="text" placeholder="" class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched"></dpm-input-number-bare></dpm-input-number><div class="flex-6"></div></div>

Answer 1

您可以使用以下 XPath 定位元素：driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched"][../preceding-sibling::dpm-input-label[1]/label[.="Fixed Rate"]]')我们使用label元素作为锚点。获取input满足以下条件的元素：preceding-sibling它的第一个元素parent有一个label包含术语“固定利率”的子元素。如果需要，添加预期条件（元素可以接收点击）。假设你想在输入框中发送“12”：WebDriverWait(browser, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//input[@class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched"][../preceding-sibling::dpm-input-label[1]/label[.="Fixed Rate"]]'))).send_keys("12")进口：from selenium.webdriver.common.by import Byfrom selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWaitfrom selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC编辑：其他 XPath 替代品：3 XPath 使用following-sibling轴：//dpm-input-label[label[.="Fixed Rate"]]/following-sibling::dpm-input-number-bare[1]/input//dpm-input-label[label[contains(.,"Fixed Rate")]]/following-sibling::dpm-input-number-bare[1]/input//dpm-input-label[contains(.,"Fixed Rate")]/following-sibling::dpm-input-number-bare[1]/input3 XPath 使用preceding-sibling轴和多个contains元素input：//input[contains(@class,"ng-pristine") and contains(@class,"ng-valid") and contains(@class,"ng-touched")][../preceding-sibling::dpm-input-label[1]/label[.="Fixed Rate"]]//input[contains(@class,"ng-pristine") and contains(@class,"ng-valid") and contains(@class,"ng-touched")][../preceding-sibling::dpm-input-label[1]/label[contains(.,"Fixed Rate")]]//input[contains(@class,"ng-pristine") and contains(@class,"ng-valid") and contains(@class,"ng-touched")][../preceding-sibling::dpm-input-label[1][contains(.,"Fixed Rate")]]4 XPath 使用preceding轴：//input[@class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched"][preceding::label[1][.="Fixed Rate"]]//input[@class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched"][preceding::label[1][contains(.,"Fixed Rate")]]//input[contains(@class,"ng-pristine") and contains(@class,"ng-valid") and contains(@class,"ng-touched")][preceding::label[1][.="Fixed Rate"]]//input[contains(@class,"ng-pristine") and contains(@class,"ng-valid") and contains(@class,"ng-touched")][preceding::label[1][contains(.,"Fixed Rate")]]

Answer 2

你试过这个吗？driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@type="text"]')但是，如果同一个 XPath 有多个元素，则可能会引发错误。

Answer 3

使用 xpath 尝试以下方法：driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='dpm-form-row' and contains(., 'Fixed Rate')]//input[@class='ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched']")

Answer 4

如何使用其类查找元素driver.find_element_by_class_name('ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched')