ASP.NET Core 2.2 集成测试 DbContext 服务未注册

Question

设置

• 视窗 10

• Visual Studio 专业版 2017 v15.9.9

• ASP.NET 核心 2.2

• 英孚核心 2.2

• 小巧玲珑

• xUnit 2.4.1

描述

我正在使用WebApplicationFactory包中的Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing来设置我的集成测试。

我一直在关注官方文档来自定义虚拟主机配置。

SUT 使用 Dapper 从数据库中查询，因此我没有使用 EF Core 附带的内存提供程序来进行此特定集成测试。

我设置的代码WebApplictionFactory如下：

public class CustomWebApplicationFactory<TStartup>

    : WebApplicationFactory<TStartup> where TStartup : class

{

    protected override void ConfigureWebHost(IWebHostBuilder builder)

    {

        builder

            .UseStartup<TStartup>()

            .ConfigureServices(services =>

        {

            var sp = services.BuildServiceProvider();

            // Create a scope to obtain a reference to the database context

            using (var scope = sp.CreateScope())    

            {

                var scopedServices = scope.ServiceProvider;

                var dbContext = scopedServices.GetRequiredService<MyDbContext>(); // <-- service not found

                dbContext.Database.EnsureCreated();

                new MyDbContextSeed()

                    .SeedAsync(dbContext)

                    .Wait();

            }

        });

    }

}

问题

MyDbContext找不到该服务，我明白为什么（我认为）- 因为ServiceProvider我的Startup.cs班级尚未构建。

但问题是如何从我的 Startup 类访问服务？

对于上下文，集成测试如下所示：

public class MyAPITests

    : IClassFixture<CustomWebApplicationFactory<Startup>>

{

    private readonly HttpClient _client;

    private readonly CustomWebApplicationFactory<Startup> _factory;

    public MyAPITests(CustomWebApplicationFactory<Startup> factory)

    {

        _factory = factory;

        _client = factory.CreateClient();

    }

    [Fact]

    public async Task Get_ItemAsync_WhenIdNotFound_ReturnsNotFoundStatusCode()

    {

        // Arrange

        var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "api/v1/item/0");

        // Act

        var response = await _client.SendAsync(request);

        // Assert

        Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, response.StatusCode);

    }

}

Answer 1

首先，ConfigureServices可以代替UseStartup，不能一起使用。其次，您不应该创建范围并在此期间进行迁移ConfigureServices，而是在构建 Web 主机之后，请参见此处：Configure在较早的教程中，您可能会在 Startup.cs的方法中看到类似的代码。我们建议您仅使用 Configure 方法来设置请求管道。应用程序启动代码属于该 Main方法。这样做的唯一方法不是在工厂中，而是在工厂建造之后：public class MyAPITests&nbsp; &nbsp; : IClassFixture<CustomWebApplicationFactory<Startup>>{&nbsp; &nbsp; private readonly HttpClient _client;&nbsp; &nbsp; private readonly CustomWebApplicationFactory<Startup> _factory;&nbsp; &nbsp; public MyAPITests(CustomWebApplicationFactory<Startup> factory)&nbsp; &nbsp; {&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; _factory = factory;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; _client = factory.CreateClient();&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; var host = factory.Server.Host;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; using (var scope = host.Services.CreateScope())&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; var scopedServices = scope.ServiceProvider;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; var dbContext = scopedServices.GetRequiredService<MyDbContext>();&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; dbContext.Database.EnsureCreated();&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; new MyDbContextSeed()&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; .SeedAsync(dbContext)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; .Wait();&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }&nbsp; &nbsp; }&nbsp; &nbsp; //...}