如何使列表中的随机值至少在Python列表中的每个值的给定数量上是唯一的？

Question

所以我对python相当陌生。

我正在尝试创建一个具有唯一随机值的列表，这些随机值与列表中的每个其他随机值至少相差一个给定因子，并且都以两个值为界。

例如，我想要一个类似的列表：

randVals = [24, 418, 100, 286, 350]

其中每个值彼此之间的唯一性至少为给定因子 64。

现在，我的代码：

import random

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

randVals = [0] * (len(x) + 1)

factor = 64

print(randVals)

for i in range(len(randVals) - 1):

    randVals[i] = random.randint(10, 502)

    while randVals[i + 1] - factor <= randVals[i] <= randVals[i + 1] + factor:

        randVals[i] = random.randint(10, 502)

    print(randVals)

randVals.pop(len(x))

    print(randVals)

输出：

[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

[494, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

[494, 144, 0, 0, 0, 0]

[494, 144, 489, 0, 0, 0]

[494, 144, 489, 342, 0, 0]

[494, 144, 489, 342, 361, 0]

[494, 144, 489, 342, 361]

Answer 1

首先，让我们确保我理解您要执行的操作：“我正在尝试创建一个具有唯一随机值的列表，这些随机值至少成对地相差一个给定的因子，并且都以两个值为界。” “我试图让所有值都在 10 到 502 之间，而列表中的所有值至少相隔 64 个单位或更多。”然后，按照您的使用方法random.randint：import random&nbsp; &nbsp; # to generate random valuesrandVals = []&nbsp; &nbsp; # and keep those values in a listfactor = 64&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; # values should differ by this factorlow = 10&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;# lower boundhigh = 502&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;# upper boundx = low&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;# start at lower boundlength = 8&nbsp; # list should be of this lengthif(high - factor*length)<low:&nbsp; &nbsp; print('Impossible to generate list with given parameters')else:&nbsp; &nbsp; for i in range(length):&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; # generate a random integer, leaving space&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; # for enough others given the various requirements...&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; randVal = random.randint(x, high-factor*(length-i))&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; # add to list&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; randVals.append(randVal)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; x = randVal + factor&nbsp; &nbsp; print(randVals)&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; # if we want, we can shuffle the list&nbsp; &nbsp; random.shuffle(randVals)&nbsp; &nbsp; print(randVals)

Answer 2

您可以执行以下操作：from random import sampledef random_list(spacing, k=5, lo=10, hi=502):&nbsp; &nbsp; return sample(list(range(lo, hi+1, spacing)), k=k)result = random_list(64, k=5)print(result)输出 （随机）[10, 458, 394, 266, 330]随着list(range(lo, hi+1, spacing))您生成 10 到 502 之间的所有数字，步长为 64，然后使用sample从该总体中随机选择k数字。