java 服务器使用 SHA256WithRSA 对消息进行签名，但 python 无法验证

Question

这是代码，第二个（消息、签名和公钥）在 Java 上运行良好，可以验证消息。但是当我使用python时，它会失败。如果我签署了消息，代码将正确验证消息。有人会帮我检查问题吗？谢谢你。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA

from Crypto.Hash import SHA256

from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5

from base64 import b64decode, b64encode

public_key = 'MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBALyJy3rlD9EtWqVBzSIYxRRuFWRVn3juht2nupDCBSsWi7uKaRu3W0gn5y6aCacArtCkrf0EehwYRm0A4iHf8rkCAwEAAQ=='

private_key = 'MIIBVQIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAT8wggE7AgEAAkEAvInLeuUP0S1apUHNIhjFFG4VZFWfeO6G3ae6kMIFKxaLu4ppG7dbSCfnLpoJpwCu0KSt/QR6HBhGbQDiId/yuQIDAQABAkEAqm/y15UtOE7Ey/HxLCqyNqbRhdN1h5AxsT0IhgYvP+PhWGc3hRElMwNCdiNaJBh04R1iK6wmKoi3DSjkdU6IAQIhAPRL9khAdPMxjy5tpswNWeaDjNJrlUKEnItQUkoHqve5AiEAxZIDz235HcUgLg9ApYK4spOpzLDGCCgfO3FxmrUEUwECIEaLjQIOQvdbT1p75Ze1H0nWoRq+YGrF+qKsPicMkc1ZAiARlNTR+K9afthGQQU3tVJKUemiVXjJ8QgWehnp8oHYAQIhANsC2fEVjWv94Oy2c8I9qhuX+yfNtvZ2m+Kmf2o4JFrR'

bank_response_data = """{"head":{"vernbr":"1.0","mchnbr":"BILL0003","mchtyp":"BILLTYP","trscod":"BILL001","msgidc":"201805011230500001","sigtim":"20190307115511","sigalg":"SHA256WithRSA","retcod":"F","retmsg":"GWB2B006 源IP地址不在商户IP白名单中；商户编号：BILL0003；IP地址：123.139.40.150"}}"""

bank_response_signature = """uZl0/5D694GnAd/G9OPRs9BSd9fb0fZGXSGThBtgLnKi+CDQAdasOX05mKazXZki0blXxApGYRAWa/kOrf+Wl0USfklx0G5w/eGERfMdRWpvtV3S2MBCH/H/0T81nKGgn8svkT/Trj7+Mc+e654Jn8IijGyV9m8Ak92hG2bLtbc="""

bank_public_key = """MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDZs4l8Ez3F4MG0kF7RRSL+pn8MmxVE3nfdXzjx6d3rH8IfDbNvNRLS0X0b5iJnPyFO8sbbUo1Im4zX0M8XA0xnnviGyn5E6occiyUXJRgokphWb5BwaYdVhnLldctdimHoJTk3NFEQFav3guygR54i3tymrDc8lWtuG8EczVu8FwIDAQAB"""

def sign():

    key_bytes = bytes(private_key, encoding="utf-8")

    key_bytes = b64decode(key_bytes)

    key = RSA.importKey(key_bytes)

    hash_value = SHA256.new(bytes(bank_response_data, encoding="utf-8"))

    signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)

    signature = signer.sign(hash_value)

    return b64encode(signature)

Answer 1

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-from Cryptodome.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5  # pip install pycryptodomexfrom Cryptodome.Hash import SHA256from Cryptodome.PublicKey import RSAfrom base64 import decodebytes, encodebytespublic_key = "MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBALyJy3rlD9EtWqVBzSIYxRRuFWRVn3juht2nupDCBSsWi7uKaRu3W0gn5y6aCacArtCkrf0EehwYRm0A4iHf8rkCAwEAAQ=="private_key = "MIIBVQIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAT8wggE7AgEAAkEAvInLeuUP0S1apUHNIhjFFG4VZFWfeO6G3ae6kMIFKxaLu4ppG7dbSCfnLpoJpwCu0KSt/QR6HBhGbQDiId/yuQIDAQABAkEAqm/y15UtOE7Ey/HxLCqyNqbRhdN1h5AxsT0IhgYvP+PhWGc3hRElMwNCdiNaJBh04R1iK6wmKoi3DSjkdU6IAQIhAPRL9khAdPMxjy5tpswNWeaDjNJrlUKEnItQUkoHqve5AiEAxZIDz235HcUgLg9ApYK4spOpzLDGCCgfO3FxmrUEUwECIEaLjQIOQvdbT1p75Ze1H0nWoRq+YGrF+qKsPicMkc1ZAiARlNTR+K9afthGQQU3tVJKUemiVXjJ8QgWehnp8oHYAQIhANsC2fEVjWv94Oy2c8I9qhuX+yfNtvZ2m+Kmf2o4JFrR"bank_response_data = """{"head":{"vernbr":"1.0","mchnbr":"BILL0003","mchtyp":"BILLTYP","trscod":"BILL001","msgidc":"201805011230500001","sigtim":"20190307115511","sigalg":"SHA256WithRSA","retcod":"F","retmsg":"GWB2B006 源IP地址不在商户IP白名单中；商户编号：BILL0003；IP地址：123.139.40.150"}}"""bank_response_signature = """uZl0/5D694GnAd/G9OPRs9BSd9fb0fZGXSGThBtgLnKi+CDQAdasOX05mKazXZki0blXxApGYRAWa/kOrf+Wl0USfklx0G5w/eGERfMdRWpvtV3S2MBCH/H/0T81nKGgn8svkT/Trj7+Mc+e654Jn8IijGyV9m8Ak92hG2bLtbc="""bank_public_key = """MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDZs4l8Ez3F4MG0kF7RRSL+pn8MmxVE3nfdXzjx6d3rH8IfDbNvNRLS0X0b5iJnPyFO8sbbUo1Im4zX0M8XA0xnnviGyn5E6occiyUXJRgokphWb5BwaYdVhnLldctdimHoJTk3NFEQFav3guygR54i3tymrDc8lWtuG8EczVu8FwIDAQAB"""def sign(private_key=private_key, raw_string=bank_response_data):    private_key = RSA.importKey(decodebytes(private_key.encode()))    signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(private_key)    signature = signer.sign(SHA256.new(raw_string.encode()))    return encodebytes(signature).decode().replace("\n", "")def verify(data, signature, public_key):    print(signature)    key = RSA.importKey(decodebytes(public_key.encode()))    hash_value = SHA256.new(data.encode())    verifier = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)    if verifier.verify(hash_value, decodebytes(signature.encode())):        print("The signature is authentic.")    else:        print("The signature is not authentic.")verify(bank_response_data, sign(), public_key)verify(bank_response_data, bank_response_signature, bank_public_key)

Answer 2

下面是 java 代码，它使用相同的签名和公钥可以正常工作。import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;import java.security.KeyFactory;import java.security.PrivateKey;import java.security.PublicKey;import java.security.Signature;import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;import java.util.Base64;public class MyTest {    public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";    public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "SHA256WithRSA";public static void main(String[] args) {    String data = "{\"head\":{\"vernbr\":\"1.0\",\"mchnbr\":\"BILL0003\",\"mchtyp\":\"BILLTYP\",\"trscod\":\"BILL001\",\"msgidc\":\"201805011230500001\",\"sigtim\":\"20190307115511\",\"sigalg\":\"SHA256WithRSA\",\"retcod\":\"F\",\"retmsg\":\"GWB2B006 源IP地址不在商户IP白名单中；商户编号：BILL0003；IP地址：123.139.40.150\"}}";    String signature = "dnAFU2e5zFb8rJ1mXDNk5AG9UyujVIUArkBjb1Nonf7iMhZwHfHRO633eW5n7uELFnyJZk6Go2D6ovp4jEnIoA==";    String cmbcRespSignature = "uZl0/5D694GnAd/G9OPRs9BSd9fb0fZGXSGThBtgLnKi+CDQAdasOX05mKazXZki0blXxApGYRAWa/kOrf+Wl0USfklx0G5w/eGERfMdRWpvtV3S2MBCH/H/0T81nKGgn8svkT/Trj7+Mc+e654Jn8IijGyV9m8Ak92hG2bLtbc=";    String cmbcPublicKey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDZs4l8Ez3F4MG0kF7RRSL+pn8MmxVE3nfdXzjx6d3rH8IfDbNvNRLS0X0b5iJnPyFO8sbbUo1Im4zX0M8XA0xnnviGyn5E6occiyUXJRgokphWb5BwaYdVhnLldctdimHoJTk3NFEQFav3guygR54i3tymrDc8lWtuG8EczVu8FwIDAQAB";    try {        boolean verify = verify(DigestUtils.sha256(data), cmbcPublicKey, cmbcRespSignature);        if (verify) {        }    } catch (Exception e) {    }}public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign) throws Exception {    final Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();    final byte[] keyBytes = publicKey.getBytes("UTF-8");    X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoder.decode(keyBytes));    KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);    PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);    Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);    signature.initVerify(pubKey);    signature.update(data);    return signature.verify(decoder.decode(sign));}}

Answer 3

最后，我得到了答案。在java中DigestUtils.sha256(data) 做哈希，SHA256WithRSA 算法做哈希所以我应该做的是在我的python代码中哈希2次