剥离一些标签并重命名它们
使用 lxml 库，拥有这个 doc xml 文件，我想剥离一些标签并重命名它们：doc.xml
<html>
<body>
<h5>Fruits</h5>
<div>This is some <span attr="foo">Text</span>.</div>
<div>Some <span>more</span> text.</div>
<h5>Vegetables</h5>
<div>Yet another line <span attr="bar">of</span> text.</div>
<div>This span will get <span attr="foo">removed</span> as well.</div>
<div>Nested elements <span attr="foo">will <b>be</b> left</span> alone.</div>
<div>Unless <span attr="foo">they <span attr="foo">also</span> match</span>.</div>
</body>
</html>
而不是 html,body 将所有内容包装在“p tag”中，而不是让 h5 和每个 div 使用 lxml 将所有内容作为示例包装如下：我的问题是如何从一种格式以下面的格式包装所有内容？
<p>
<h5 title='Fruits'>
<div>This is some <span attr='foo'>Test</span>.</div>
<div>Some<span>more</span>text.</div>
</h5>
<h5 title='Vegetables'>
<div>Yet another line <span attr='bar'>of</span>text.</div>
....
</h5>
</p>
使用 lxml，剥离标签：
tree = etree.tostring(doc.xml)
tree1 = lxml.html.fromstring(tree)
etree.strip_tags(tree1, 'body')
有人对此有任何想法吗？
慕森卡2回答
-
皈依舞
创建一个只有标签的新文档。<p>迭代<body>原始文档中标记的后代。如果遇到<h5>标签；将<h5>标签添加到<p>标签并将后续标签作为后代添加到它（<h5>）将标签从原始文档添加到新文档 - 作为其<p>标签 的后代 -
至尊宝的传说
这是使用 lxml 的 xslt 解决方案。它将处理卸载到 libxml。我在转换样式表中添加了注释：from lxml import etreexsl = etree.XML('''<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes" /> <xsl:strip-space elements="*"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <p> <xsl:apply-templates select="html/body"/> </p> </xsl:template> <!-- match body, but do not add content; this excludes /html/body elements --> <xsl:template match="body"> <xsl:apply-templates /> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="h5"> <!-- record the current h5 title --> <xsl:variable name="title" select="."/> <h5> <xsl:attribute name="title"> <xsl:value-of select="$title" /> </xsl:attribute> <xsl:for-each select="following-sibling::div[preceding-sibling::h5[1] = $title]"> <!-- deep copy of each consecutive div following the current h5 element --> <xsl:copy-of select="." /> </xsl:for-each> </h5> </xsl:template> <!-- match div, but do not output anything since we are copying it into the new h5 element --> <xsl:template match="div" /></xsl:stylesheet>''')transform = etree.XSLT(xsl)with open("doc.xml") as f: print(transform(etree.parse(f)), end='')如果样式表存储在文件名 doc.xsl 中，则可以使用 libxml 实用程序 xsltproc 获得相同的结果：xsltproc doc.xsl doc.xml结果：<?xml version="1.0"?><p> <h5 title="Fruits"> <div>This is some <span attr="foo">Text</span>.</div> <div>Some <span>more</span> text.</div> </h5> <h5 title="Vegetables"> <div>Yet another line <span attr="bar">of</span> text.</div> <div>This span will get <span attr="foo">removed</span> as well.</div> <div>Nested elements <span attr="foo">will <b>be</b> left</span> alone.</div> <div>Unless <span attr="foo">they <span attr="foo">also</span> match</span>.</div> </h5></p>
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