类型错误位置参数自我丢失

Question

为什么我无法访问 Classroom 对象？它显示： next_scene_name = start_scene.enter() #error TypeError: enter() missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'

请解释我犯了什么错误。

#class

class Engine(object):    #(map_object_with_classroom, player_object)

    def __init__(self,map_object,player_object):

        self.map_object = map_object

        self.player_object = player_object

    def play(self):

        print('\n')

        print('test ok')

        start_scene = self.map_object.begin()

        end_scene = self.map_object.Senario['auditorium']

        while start_scene != end_scene:

            next_scene_name = start_scene.enter() #error

            start_scene = self.map_object.next_scene(next_scene_name)

class Player(object):

    Student_influence = 20

    Staff_influence = 20

    principle_influence = 20

    def __init__(self,name):

        self.name = name

class Scene(object):

    def enter(self):

        print("test")

class ClassRoom(Scene):

    def enter(self):

        print('test ok!')

        return 'sportsclub'

class SportsClub(Scene):

    def enter(self):

        print('test ok!')

        return 'scienceclub'

class ScienceClub(Scene):

    def enter(self):

        print('test ok!')

        return 'canteen'

class Canteen(Scene):

    def enter(self):

        print('test ok!')

        return 'auditorium'

class Auditorium(Scene):

    def enter(self):

        print('test ok!')

        return 'finished'

class Finished(Scene):

    def enter(self):

        print('test ok!')

        return None

class Map(object):

    Senario = {'finished':Finished, 'classroom':ClassRoom,'sportclub':SportsClub, 'scienceclub':ScienceClub, 'canteen':Canteen, 'auditorium':Auditorium}

    def __init__(self,start_scene):

        self.start_scene = start_scene

    def begin(self):

        return self.next_scene(self.start_scene)

    def next_scene(self,scene_name):

        nxt = self.Senario.get(scene_name)

        return nxt

当我打印 start_scene 它显示那是什么？但是当我打印 ClassRoom 类的实例时，它显示 < main .ClassRoom object>

Answer 1

在next_scene中，您正在返回，但ClassRoom不是. 为此，您需要，然后有一个ClassRoomreturn nxt()selfclass Map(object):&nbsp; &nbsp; Senario = {'finished':Finished, 'classroom':ClassRoom,'sportclub':SportsClub, 'scienceclub':ScienceClub, 'canteen':Canteen, 'auditorium':Auditorium}&nbsp; &nbsp; def __init__(self,start_scene):&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; self.start_scene = start_scene&nbsp; &nbsp; def begin(self):&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return self.next_scene(self.start_scene)&nbsp; &nbsp; def next_scene(self,scene_name):&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; # adding the parentheses here will call the class&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; # creating an instance&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; nxt = self.Senario.get(scene_name)()&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return nxt举个小例子：class X:&nbsp; &nbsp; def something(self):&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return 4X.something()Traceback (most recent call last):&nbsp; File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>TypeError: something() missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'您还没有创建任何实例，因此self还不存在。但是，如果我们将其更改为：x = X()x.something()4Aself被创建是因为底层的类机制将调用 的基本实现__init__，而不涉及血淋淋的细节