如何正确传递变量？
这是我的代码，这个程序是一个简单的猜数游戏，其中计算机在 1 和 x 之间选择一个随机数（在程序中设置），用户将使用计算机的反馈来猜测数字，说明每个猜测是否正确高于或低于秘密数字。
代码由4个方法组成，一个main方法，在显示播放指令后声明了几个变量。然后设置一个 while 循环来开始一个新游戏。在 while 循环中的 3 行中，调用了一个方法来开始玩新游戏，同时传递扫描仪/控制台和一个称为 guesses 的整数（每次调用此方法时都设置为 0）。
这个整数，猜测，每次用户进行猜测时都会增加一，应该在游戏方法结束时返回，但我似乎无法弄清楚为什么它没有被返回。它需要返回，以便可以将其传递给 results 方法来计算如果用户决定不再玩游戏将显示的统计信息。
任何帮助，将不胜感激...
import java.util.*;
public class Guess {
public static void main(String[] Args) {
Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in);
Introduction(); //required
int games = 0;
int newGame = 1;
int guesses = 0;
int maxguesses = 0;
int totalguesses = 0;
while (newGame == 1) {
String userNewGame = "";
games = games + 1;
Game(guesses,console); //required
if (guesses > maxguesses) {
guesses = maxguesses;
}
totalguesses = totalguesses + guesses;
System.out.print("Do you want to play again? ");
userNewGame = console.next();
System.out.println();
char first = userNewGame.charAt(0);
if ( first == 'Y' || first == 'y') {
newGame = 1;
}
else if ( first == 'N' || first == 'n') {
newGame = 0;
}
}
Results(games,totalguesses,maxguesses); //required
}
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2回答
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当年话下
这里发生了一些事情，而且所有这些都建立在彼此的基础上。您没有捕获从Game.您对变量做了一些非常奇怪的事情，这降低了可读性。Scanner当您循环执行此程序时，您将遇到问题。让我们从唾手可得的果实开始。 Game返回一个int，但它没有被分配到任何地方。理想情况下，它应该分配给 的值guesses。guesses = Game(guesses,console); //required...除了在以下情况下传入并没有真正意义guesses：我们正在main 中重新分配它（别担心，该Game方法无论如何都会有自己的猜测副本，因为 Java 是按值传递的）无论如何，您明确地将其分配给 0Game因此，您希望将其作为方法的参数删除。guesses = Game(console);在 中Game，您可以定义自己的guesses变量。public static int Game(Scanner console) { Random rand = new Random(); int range = 100; //Change this value to set the range the computer will require to guess ie. 100 is 1 to 100 inclusive, 5 is 1 to 5 inclusive, etc. int number = rand.nextInt(range) + 1; int guesses = 0; int guess = -1; System.out.println("I'm thinking of a number..."); while (guess != number) { System.out.print("Your guess? "); guess = console.nextInt(); guesses = guesses + 1; if (guess < number) { System.out.println("higher"); } if (guess > number) { System.out.println("lower"); } if (guess == number) { System.out.println("You got it right in " + guesses + " guesses"); System.out.println(); } } return guesses;}我能看到的最后一个明显问题是您正在使用的问题next()，但您并没有完全清除Scanner.userNewGame = console.next();// and inside of Game()guess = console.nextInt();这是一个令人惊讶的常见Scanner问题，而且很容易解决。userNewGame = console.next();console.nextLine();// and inside of Game()guess = console.nextInt();console.nextLine();或者，您可以使用nextLine而不是处理，next()因为它们都返回String. 不同之处在于next()不消耗通过返回所产生的换行字符/确认，并且nextLine() 确实。 -
海绵宝宝撒
您应该使用返回值来更新变量，而不是仅仅调用 Guesses 方法，如下所示：guesses = Game(guesses,console); //required如果您希望 maxguesses 保持最大数量的猜测（在所有游戏中），那么您应该在调用 Game 方法之后更新您的逻辑，如下所示， if (guesses > maxguesses) { maxguesses = guesses; // not guesses = maxguesses }这是我发布的整个代码，我认为它运行良好。看看这个： import java.util.*;public class Guess { public static void main(String[] Args) { Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in); Introduction(); //required int games = 0; int newGame = 1; int guesses = 0; int maxguesses = 0; int totalguesses = 0; while (newGame == 1) { String userNewGame = ""; games = games + 1; guesses = Game(guesses,console); //required if (guesses > maxguesses) { maxguesses = guesses; } totalguesses = totalguesses + guesses; System.out.print("Do you want to play again? "); userNewGame = console.next(); System.out.println(); char first = userNewGame.charAt(0); if ( first == 'Y' || first == 'y') { newGame = 1; } else if ( first == 'N' || first == 'n') { newGame = 0; } } Results(games,totalguesses,maxguesses); //required } public static void Introduction() { System.out.println("This program allows you to play a guessing game."); System.out.println("I will think of a number between 1 and 100"); System.out.println("and will allow you to guess until you get it."); System.out.println("For each guess, I will tell you whether the"); System.out.println("right answer is higher or lower than your guess."); System.out.println(); } public static int Game(int guesses, Scanner console) { Random rand = new Random(); int range = 100; //Change this value to set the range the computer will require to guess ie. 100 is 1 to 100 inclusive, 5 is 1 to 5 inclusive, etc. int number = rand.nextInt(range) + 1; guesses = 0; int guess = -1; System.out.println("I'm thinking of a number..."); while (guess != number) { System.out.print("Your guess? "); guess = console.nextInt(); guesses = guesses + 1; if (guess < number) { System.out.println("higher"); } if (guess > number) { System.out.println("lower"); } if (guess == number) { System.out.println("You got it right in " + guesses + " guesses"); System.out.println(); } } return guesses; } public static void Results(int games,int totalguesses,int maxguesses) { System.out.println("Overall results:"); System.out.println(" total games = " + games); System.out.println(" total guesses = " + totalguesses); System.out.println(" guesses/game = " + totalguesses / games); System.out.println(" max guesses = " + maxguesses); }}示例输出： This program allows you to play a guessing game.I will think of a number between 1 and 100and will allow you to guess until you get it.For each guess, I will tell you whether theright answer is higher or lower than your guess.I'm thinking of a number...Your guess? 10higherYour guess? 50lowerYour guess? 40lowerYour guess? 30lowerYour guess? 20lowerYour guess? 15You got it right in 6 guessesDo you want to play again? yI'm thinking of a number...Your guess? 50higherYour guess? 80higherYour guess? 90lowerYour guess? 85You got it right in 4 guessesDo you want to play again? nOverall results: total games = 2 total guesses = 10 guesses/game = 5 max guesses = 6
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Java