冒号在shell中表示空指令。原文如下::null command [colon]. This is the shell equivalent of a "NOP" (no op, a do-nothing operation). Itmay be considered a synonym for the shell builtin true. The ":" command is itself a Bash builtin, and its exit status is true (0).所以:: > file 用于清空文件下面这种形式是Here Document的一种用法,用于注释一段代码块:<<BLOCK...segment...BLOCK