从文件中读取并将内容转换为字典

Question

我有一个文本文件，其内容如下：

State Texas

Austin

 Houston

 Dallas

State Florida

Orlando

Miami

Jacksonville

Naples

!

State California

San Diego

Los Angeles

San Francisco

目标：我想从这个文本文件中读取并将它们转换成字典，应该是这样的 -

state_dict = {

    'Texas': ['Austin', 'Houston', 'Dallas'], 

    'Florida': ['Orlando', 'Miami', 'Jacksonville', 'Naples'], 

    'California': ['San Diego', 'Los Angeles', 'San Francisco']

}

到目前为止，我的代码是这样的：

State_Dict = {}

with open('state.txt', 'r') as main_fd:

for mystate in main_fd:

    mystate = mystate.lstrip()

    if ("State" in mystate):

        state_key = "_".join(mystate.split()[1:])

        State_Dict[state_key] = []

        for cities in main_fd:

            if ("!" in cities):

                break

            else:

                State_Dict[state_key].append(cities.rstrip())

print(State_Dict)

但输出是这样的：

{

'Texas': [

    ' Austin', ' Houston', ' Dallas', 

    'State Florida', ' Orlando', ' Miami', 

    ' Jacksonville', ' Naples'

    ], 

'California': [

    ' San Diego', ' Los Angeles', ' San Francisco'

    ]

}

我该如何解决？

Answer 1

你正在寻找的是这样的东西。考虑一次遍历一行的循环，并为您的条件构建一系列检查。附注。如果这不起作用，请告诉我，未经测试就编写它。State_Dict = {}with open('state.txt', 'r') as main_fd:    for line in main_fd:        line = line.strip() #left and right stripped            #if ("state" in line.lower()): #better version suggested in comments to handle 'state' and 'State'.        if ("State" in line):            state_key = "_".join(line.split()[1:])            State_Dict[state_key] = []        elif ("!" in line):            continue #goes to next iteration of loop instead of stopping the loop unlike break        else: #assuming last case            State_Dict[state_key].append(line) #line has already been strippedprint(State_Dict)

Answer 2

你的代码的问题是当你出现“！”时，你正在停止寻找一个州的城市。但城市的新部分也由以“State”开头的线表示。另一个错误是您每次都从头开始迭代城市，而不是您当前所处的状态。State_Dict = {}main_fd = '''\State TexasAustinHoustonDallasState FloridaOrlandoMiamiJacksonvilleNaples!State CaliforniaSan DiegoLos AngelesSan Francisco\'''.splitlines()for idx, mystate in enumerate(main_fd):    if "State" in mystate:        state_key = "_".join(mystate.split()[1:])        State_Dict[state_key] = []        for cities in main_fd[idx+1:]:            if '!' in cities or "State" in cities:                break            else:                State_Dict[state_key].append(cities.rstrip())print(State_Dict)输出：{'Florida': ['Orlando', 'Miami', 'Jacksonville', 'Naples'], 'California': ['San Diego', 'Los Angeles', 'San Francisco'], 'Texas': ['Austin', 'Houston', 'Dallas']}