如果我训练一个 KNeighborsRegressor(通过 scikit-learn),然后想将它的预测与目标变量进行比较,我可以这样做:
#Initiate model
knn = neighbors.KNeighborsRegressor(n_neighbors=8)
#Define independent and target variables
X = df[['var1', 'var2', 'var3']]
Y = df['target']
#fit the model and store the predictions
knn.fit(X, Y)
predicted = knn.predict(X).ravel()
如果我要比较它们,我可以看到这个模型远非完美,这是预期的:
compare = pd.DataFrame(predicted,Y).reset_index()
compare.columns=['Y', 'predicted']
compare.head(3)
返回:
+------+-----------+
| Y | predicted |
+------+-----------+
| 985 | 2596 |
+------+-----------+
| 801 | 2464 |
+------+-----------+
| 1349 | 1907 |
+------+-----------+
如果我做完全相同的事情,除了按距离加权邻居,predict() 函数将准确地返回目标变量。
#Initiate model
knn_dist = neighbors.KNeighborsRegressor(n_neighbors=8, weights='distance')
#fit the model and store the predictions
knn_dist.fit(X, Y)
predicted2 = knn_dist.predict(X).ravel()
compare = pd.DataFrame(predicted2,Y).reset_index()
compare.columns=['Y', 'predicted2']
compare.head(3)
返回相同的列:
+------+------------+
| Y | predicted2 |
+------+------------+
| 985 | 985 |
+------+------------+
| 801 | 801 |
+------+------------+
| 1349 | 1349 |
+------+------------+
我知道预测器并不像这暗示的那样完美,并且可以通过交叉验证来证明:
score_knn = cross_val_score(knn, X, Y, cv=ShuffleSplit(test_size=0.1))
print(score_knn.mean())
>>>>0.5306705590672681
我究竟做错了什么?
根据请求,这是我的数据框中相关列的前五行:
| ID | var1 | var2 | var3 | target |
|----|----------|----------|----------|--------|
| 1 | 0.363625 | 0.805833 | 0.160446 | 985 |
| 2 | 0.353739 | 0.696087 | 0.248539 | 801 |
| 3 | 0.189405 | 0.437273 | 0.248309 | 1349 |
| 4 | 0.212122 | 0.590435 | 0.160296 | 1562 |
| 5 | 0.22927 | 0.436957 | 0.1869 | 1600 |
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