SMILET
在这个答案中,描述了由所有内部cmd.exe命令返回的ERRORLEVEL值;它们根据值的更改方式进行分组,并显示为快速引用表。为了组装这个表,我检查了其他类似的表,但是通过在Windows8.1计算机上执行的测试来填充缺失的值。我尽了最大的努力来完整和精确地创建这些表,但是我没有测试这里报告的每个和每个值,所以这可能是微妙的不一致。表1-不更改先前ERRORLEVEL值的命令BREAK
ECHO
ENDLOCAL
FOR Not change the ERRORLEVEL by itself. See "Exit Code" below.
IF Not change the ERRORLEVEL by itself.
PAUSE
RD Not change the ERRORLEVEL on errors, but the "Exit Code". See below.
REM
RMDIR Same as RD.
SET Plain SET command (no arguments). See "Table 3" below.
TITLE表2-根据结果将ERRORLEVEL设置为0或1的命令Command │ Set ERRORLEVEL = 0 when │ Set ERRORLEVEL = 1 when
────────┼───────────────────────────────┼──────────────────
CD │Current directory was changed. │Directory not exists or is not accessible.
CHDIR │Same as CD. │
COLOR │Color was changed. │Background and foreground colors are the same.
COPY │File(s) was processed. │File not found or bad parameters given.
DATE │Date was changed or not given. │User has no admin privileges.
DEL │Almost always, excepting when: │Bad or no parameters given.
DIR │Same as COPY. │
ERASE │Same as DEL. │
MD │Directory was created. │Directory could not be created.
MKDIR │Same as MD. │
MKLINK │Link was created. │Link could not be created or bad parameters given.
MOVE │File(s) was moved/renamed. │File not found, could not be moved/renamed or bad parameters.
PUSHD │Same as CD. │+ Bad switch given.
REN │Same as MOVE. │
RENAME │Same as MOVE. │
SETLOCAL│New environment was created. │Bad parameters given.
TIME │Time was changed or not given. │User has no admin privileges.
TYPE │Same as COPY. │
VERIFY │Right or no parameters given. │Bad parameters given.
VOL │Volume label was displayed. │Drive not found or bad parameters given.表3-将ERRORLEVEL设置为错误的命令;否则,不更改Command │E│ Set ERRORLEVEL to = when
─────────────┼─┼─────────────────────────────────────────
ASSOC │*│1 = Extension associations could not be changed.
CLS │ │1 = Bad switch given.
DPATH │*│1 = Data path could not be established.
FTYPE │*│1 = File type associations could not be changed.
GOTO label │ │1 = Label not exist *in a subroutine* (equivalent to: EXIT /B 1).
KEYS │ │1 = Bad switch given.
PATH │*│1 = Path could not be changed.
POPD │ │1 = Bad switch given.
PROMPT |*│1 = Prompt could not be changed.
SET var │*│1 = No variable with such name exists.
SET var=value│*│1 = Variable name start with "/" not enclosed in quotes.
SET /P │*│1 = Read an empty line or at end of file.
SET /A │*│1073750988 = Unbalanced parentheses, 1073750989 = Missing operand,
│ │1073750990 = Syntax error, 1073750991 = Invalid number,
│ │1073750992 = Number larger than 32-bits, 1073750993 = Division by zero.
SHIFT │ │1 = Bad switch given.表3中的“E”列表示那些相应地将它们的行为更改为“扩展”状态的命令,如相应的文档中所描述的那样。当启用扩展名(默认)并将这些命令放置在以下文件中时.CMD扩展而不是.BAT第一,这些命令在结束时设置SETERRORLEVEL=0,即当表3中描述的条件是不现在时。表4-特殊情况CALL Table1 │If the called command is anyone of Table 1 (excepting FOR and IF): set ERRORLEVEL = 0.
CALL subroutine │If the subroutine is called, not change prior ERRORLEVEL value;
│otherwise (subroutine not exists): set ERRORLEVEL = 1.
EXIT /B, EXIT │Not change prior ERRORLEVEL value.
EXIT /B number │Set ERRORLEVEL to given number.
EXIT number │Ends cmd.exe and set its returning ERRORLEVEL value to given number.
START command │If command is started, not change ERRORLEVEL; otherwise, set ERRORLEVEL = 9059.
START /WAIT bat |When the started Batch file end, set ERRORLEVEL = value from 'EXIT number' commmand.
notExist │If a non-existent command is entered for execution, set ERRORLEVEL = 9009.
VER │Set ERRORLEVEL = 0 almost always. If /? parameter is given, not change ERRORLEVEL.出口代码管理有两种方法可以测试ERRORLEVEL值:VIAIF ERRORLEVEL / IF %ERRORLEVEL%命令,或使用command && thenCmd when ERRORLEVEL is 0 || elseCmd when ERRORLEVEL is not 0构造。但是,某些特定命令和重定向错误返回的值仅适用于第二种情况,不反映在ERRORLEVEL中;我们可以将“退出代码”称为这个值。如果退出代码不是零,则可以将其传递给执行表1的任何命令的ERRORLEVEL。elseCmd部分。有关此事的详情,请参阅这个职位.表5-设置退出代码的命令或功能Feature │ Set Exit Code to = when
─────────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────
command │1 = Command not exist (when ERRORLEVEL = 9009).
redirection │1 = File not exists in "<", path not exists or access denied in ">" ">>".
drive: |1 = Drive unit not exists.
POPD |1 = No matching PUSHD was previously executed.
RD │1 = Bad switch given, 2 = Directory not found, 5 = Access denied,
│32 = Directory in use, 145 = Directory not empty.
FOR /F │1 = No data was processed.例如,要测试是否发生重定向错误,请使用以下命令:command > C:\Path\that\does\not\exist\file.txt || rem
if errorlevel 1 echo Previous redirection failed在本例中,rem命令用于将退出代码复制到ERRORLEVEL,但可以使用保留ERRORLEVEL的任何其他内部命令(例外)FOR和IF).若要测试驱动器单元是否存在,请执行以下操作:U: || rem
if errorlevel 1 echo Previous set current drive to U: unit failed更多的例子:rd c:\Some\directory 2> NUL || rem
if %errorlevel% equ 0 (
echo Directory deleted
) else if %errorlevel% equ 2 (
echo Directory not found
) else if %errorlevel% equ 5 (
echo Can not access the directory, check rights
) else if %errorlevel% equ 32 (
echo Can not delete current directory
) else if %errorlevel% equ 145 (
echo Directory is not empty, use /S switch
)
(for /F "options" %%a in (input.txt) do echo %%a) || rem
if errorlevel 1 echo Previous FOR didn't processed any value