如何使用 Python 在该文件中复制 JSON 文件的一部分？

Question

有没有办法使用 Python 在同一个文件中复制 JSON 文件的一部分？我想取Changelog我的文件，“若干意见”部分的重复元素的一部分内“若干意见”一节。

这是我要复制的代码：

{

  "title": "1.0",

  "useBoldText": true,

  "useBottomMargin": true,

  "class": "DepictionSubheaderView"

},

{

  "markdown": "\t\n\u2022 Initial Release",

  "useSpacing": false,

  "class": "DepictionMarkdownView"

},

{

  "markdown": "<small style=\"color: #999; margin-top: -8px;\">Released 3/7/2019</small>",

  "useRawFormat": true,

  "class": "DepictionMarkdownView"

}

JSON 文件：

{

  "minVersion": "0.1",

  "headerImage": "",

  "tintColor": "",

  "tabs": [

    {

      "tabname": "Changelog",

      "views": [

        {

          "title": "1.0",

          "useBoldText": true,

          "useBottomMargin": true,

          "class": "DepictionSubheaderView"

        },

        {

          "markdown": "\t\n\u2022 Initial Release",

          "useSpacing": false,

          "class": "DepictionMarkdownView"

        },

        {

          "markdown": "<small style=\"color: #999; margin-top: -8px;\">Released 3/7/2019</small>",

          "useRawFormat": true,

          "class": "DepictionMarkdownView"

        }

      ],

      "class": "DepictionStackView"

    }

  ],

  "class": "DepictionTabView"

}

Answer 1

以下代码将打开您的 JSON 文件并将 JSON 结构读取到变量中data。然后它将创建list.copy(data['tabs'][0]['views'])结构的副本（data['tabs'][0]['views']指的是组索引 0 的“视图”部分，或list在 Python 术语中，“选项卡”部分），在这种情况下，这是您要定位的结构，如变量new_tab。接下来，它会在每个视图value的“标题”或“降价”key中添加一个空格和“复制”一词，具体取决于new_tab（副本）中存在哪个视图。然后它会添加new_tab到现有的 JSON 结构中。最后，它将更新后的 JSON 结构写入原始文件。with open(filename, 'r') as copying:&nbsp; &nbsp; data = json.load(copying)new_tab = list.copy(data['tabs'][0]['views'])for view in new_tab:&nbsp; &nbsp; if 'title' in view.keys():&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; view['title'] = f"{view['title']} copy"&nbsp; &nbsp; elif 'markdown' in view.keys():&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; view['markdown'] = f"{view['markdown']} copy"data['tabs'][0]['views'].extend(new_tab)with open(filename, 'w') as copying:&nbsp; &nbsp; json.dump(data, copying)输出将是一个如下所示的文件：{&nbsp; &nbsp; "minVersion": "0.1",&nbsp; &nbsp; "headerImage": "",&nbsp; &nbsp; "tintColor": "",&nbsp; &nbsp; "tabs": [&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "tabname": "Changelog",&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "views": [&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "title": "1.0 copy",&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "useBoldText": true,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "useBottomMargin": true,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "class": "DepictionSubheaderView"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; },&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "markdown": "\t\n• Initial Release copy",&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "useSpacing": false,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "class": "DepictionMarkdownView"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; },&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "markdown": "<small style=\"color: #999; margin-top: -8px;\">Released 3/7/2019</small> copy",&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "useRawFormat": true,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "class": "DepictionMarkdownView"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; },&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "title": "1.0 copy",&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "useBoldText": true,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "useBottomMargin": true,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "class": "DepictionSubheaderView"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; },&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "markdown": "\t\n• Initial Release copy",&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "useSpacing": false,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "class": "DepictionMarkdownView"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; },&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; {&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "markdown": "<small style=\"color: #999; margin-top: -8px;\">Released 3/7/2019</small> copy",&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "useRawFormat": true,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "class": "DepictionMarkdownView"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ],&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "class": "DepictionStackView"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; }&nbsp; &nbsp; ],&nbsp; &nbsp; "class": "DepictionTabView"}附带说明一下，每当您使用 JSON 时，最好测试一下您的结构。在JSONLint 上有一个很好的资源可以做到这一点 - JSON 验证器只需复制您的 JSON 结构，将其粘贴到那里，然后单击“验证 JSON”按钮。

Answer 2

你阅读你的 JSON 文件，选择你需要的部分，然后把你想要的放在文件的开头。假设您的文件名为data.json：import jsonwith open('data.json') as f:&nbsp; &nbsp; data = json.load(f)&nbsp; &nbsp; required_data = data["tabs"][0]["views"]&nbsp; &nbsp; f.seek(0, 0)&nbsp; &nbsp; f.write(str(required_data) + '\n' + str(data))