套接字聊天室 - python 3.7

Question

这是我一直在开发的python聊天室，它使您可以通过python与同一网络上的其他人聊天

主持人：

import socket

import sys

import time

s = socket.socket()

host = socket.gethostname()

port = 8080

s.bind((host,port))

print("")

print("Sever adress is", host)

print("")

name = input(str("Please enter your username : "))

s.listen(1)

print("")

print("Waiting for any incoming connections ... ")

print("")

conn, addr = s.accept()

print("Recieved connection")

#connection done ###

s_name = conn.recv(1024)

s_name = s_name.decode()

print("")

print(s_name, "has connected to the chat room")

print("")

conn.send(name.encode())

## messaging loop ##

while 1:

    message = input(str("Please enter enter your message : "))

    print("")

    conn.send(message.encode())

    message = conn.recv(1024)

    message = message.decode()

    print("")

    print(name,": ",message)

    print("")

客户：

import socket

import sys

import time

print("Welcome to python chat ")

print("")

print("Initiallsing....")

time.sleep(1)

s = socket.socket()

print("")

host = input(str("Please enter server adress : "))

print("")

name = input(str("Please enter your name : "))

port = 8080

print("")

time.sleep(1)

s.connect((host,port))

print("Connected...")

## Conection done ##

s.send(name.encode())

s_name = s.recv(1024)

s_name = s_name.decode()

print("")

print( s_name, "has joined the chat room ")

while 1:

    message = s.recv(1024)

    message = message.decode()

    print("")

    print(name,": ",message)

    print("")

    message = input(str("Please enter your enter message : "))

    print("")

    s.send(message.encode())

我有两个问题，第一个问题是它一次只允许一个人说话，我的意思是说如果你先发送一条消息，你将不被允许发送另一条消息，直到另一个人回应. 第二个问题是此代码仅适用于 2 个用户，我希望它适用于多个用户

Answer 1

您需要为发送和接收创建两个单独的线程。您编写循环的方式不适用于同时进行双向通信。因为在发送消息后，循环正在等待接收某些东西。[如果您想通过互联网运行代码，请替换localhost为所需的 IP 地址行HOST = 'localhost'] 让我分享一个解决方案（这是我在 TAing 本科网络课程时完成的示例解决方案）：我已经在 Linux 机器（Ubuntu 18.04）上测试了代码。我有学生在他们的 Mac 上成功运行了这个。我不确定它是否在 Windows 机器上运行。即使它在 Windows 机器上不起作用，一些小的修改也应该可以解决问题。服务端代码（你需要先运行这个）： chatServerDuplex.py# Import socket modulefrom socket import *import threadingimport sys # In order to terminate the programFLAG = False  # this is a flag variable for checking quit# function for receiving message from clientdef recv_from_client(conn):    global FLAG    try:        # Receives the request message from the client        while True:            if FLAG == True:                break            message = conn.recv(1024).decode()            # if 'q' is received from the client the server quits            if message == 'q':                conn.send('q'.encode())                print('Closing connection')                conn.close()                FLAG = True                break            print('Client: ' + message)    except:        conn.close()# function for receiving message from clientdef send_to_client(conn):    global FLAG    try:        while True:            if FLAG == True:                break            send_msg = input('')            # the server can provide 'q' as an input if it wish to quit            if send_msg == 'q':                conn.send('q'.encode())                print('Closing connection')                conn.close()                FLAG = True                break            conn.send(send_msg.encode())    except:        conn.close()# this is main functiondef main():    threads = []    global FLAG    # TODO (1) - define HOST name, this would be an IP address or 'localhost' (1 line)    HOST = 'localhost'    # TODO (2) - define PORT number (1 line) (Google, what should be a valid port number)    # make sure the ports are not used for any other application    serverPort = 6789    # Create a TCP server socket    #(AF_INET is used for IPv4 protocols)    #(SOCK_STREAM is used for TCP)    # TODO (3) - CREATE a socket for IPv4 TCP connection (1 line)    serverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)    # Bind the socket to server address and server port    # TODO (4) - bind the socket for HOSR and serverPort (1 line)    serverSocket.bind((HOST, serverPort))    # Listen to at most 1 connection at a time    # TODO (5) - listen and wait for request from client (1 line)    serverSocket.listen(1)    # Server should be up and running and listening to the incoming connections    print('The chat server is ready to connect to a chat client')    # TODO (6) - accept any connection request from a client (1 line)    connectionSocket, addr = serverSocket.accept()    print('Sever is connected with a chat client\n')    t_rcv = threading.Thread(target=recv_from_client, args=(connectionSocket,))    t_send = threading.Thread(target=send_to_client, args=(connectionSocket,))    # call the function to receive message server    #recv_from_server(clientSocket)    threads.append(t_rcv)    threads.append(t_send)    t_rcv.start()    t_send.start()    t_rcv.join()    t_send.join()    # closing serverScoket before exiting    print('EXITING')    serverSocket.close()    #Terminate the program after sending the corresponding data    sys.exit()# This is where the program startsif __name__ == '__main__':    main()客户端代码： chatClientDuplex.pyfrom socket import *import threadingimport sysFLAG = False  # this is a flag variable for checking quit# function for receiving message from clientdef send_to_server(clsock):    global FLAG    while True:        if FLAG == True:            break        send_msg = input('')        clsock.sendall(send_msg.encode())# function for receiving message from serverdef recv_from_server(clsock):    global FLAG    while True:        data = clsock.recv(1024).decode()        if data == 'q':            print('Closing connection')            FLAG = True            break        print('Server: ' + data)# this is main functiondef main():    threads = []    # TODO (1) - define HOST name, this would be an IP address or 'localhost' (1 line)    HOST = 'localhost'  # The server's hostname or IP address    # TODO (2) - define PORT number (1 line) (Google, what should be a valid port number)    PORT = 6789        # The port used by the server    # Create a TCP client socket    #(AF_INET is used for IPv4 protocols)    #(SOCK_STREAM is used for TCP)    # TODO (3) - CREATE a socket for IPv4 TCP connection (1 line)    clientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)    # request to connect sent to server defined by HOST and PORT    # TODO (4) - request a connection to the server (1 line)    clientSocket.connect((HOST, PORT))    print('Client is connected to a chat sever!\n')    # call the function to send message to server    #send_to_server(clientSocket)    t_send = threading.Thread(target=send_to_server, args=(clientSocket,))    # call the function to receive message server    #recv_from_server(clientSocket)    t_rcv = threading.Thread(target=recv_from_server, args=(clientSocket,))    threads.append(t_send)    threads.append(t_rcv)    t_send.start()    t_rcv.start()    t_send.join()    t_rcv.join()    print('EXITING')    sys.exit()# This is where the program startsif __name__ == '__main__':    main()

Answer 2

System123456 问题是当服务器侦听并且客户端连接到它时，您构建了一个客户端 - 服务器系统。尝试查看点对点系统，而不是每个节点都是平等的。为了构建聊天室，您可能会查看 DHT 节点。

Answer 3

您的第一个问题可能是由于默认情况下 python 套接字是阻塞的。这意味着，例如，在 line 上message = s.recv(1024)，您的程序将继续侦听，并且在收到某些内容之前不会继续执行脚本的其余部分。如果您希望两个人能够同时接收和发送，您可能需要研究非阻塞套接字和一些异步编程。官方文档中的此操作方法可能对您有所帮助：https : //docs.python.org/2/howto/sockets.html#non-blocking-sockets