LEATH
分两步完成。首先,创建字典。>>> input = [('11013331', 'KAT'), ('9085267', 'NOT'), ('5238761', 'ETH'), ('5349618', 'ETH'), ('11788544', 'NOT'), ('962142', 'ETH'), ('7795297', 'ETH'), ('7341464', 'ETH'), ('9843236', 'KAT'), ('5594916', 'ETH'), ('1550003', 'ETH')]>>> from collections import defaultdict>>> res = defaultdict(list)>>> for v, k in input: res[k].append(v)...然后,将该字典转换为预期的格式。>>> [{'type':k, 'items':v} for k,v in res.items()][{'items': ['9085267', '11788544'], 'type': 'NOT'}, {'items': ['5238761', '5349618', '962142', '7795297', '7341464', '5594916', '1550003'], 'type': 'ETH'}, {'items': ['11013331', '9843236'], 'type': 'KAT'}]使用itertools.groupby也可以,但是它要求输入首先被排序。>>> sorted_input = sorted(input, key=itemgetter(1))>>> groups = groupby(sorted_input, key=itemgetter(1))>>> [{'type':k, 'items':[x[0] for x in v]} for k, v in groups][{'items': ['5238761', '5349618', '962142', '7795297', '7341464', '5594916', '1550003'], 'type': 'ETH'}, {'items': ['11013331', '9843236'], 'type': 'KAT'}, {'items': ['9085267', '11788544'], 'type': 'NOT'}]请注意,这两个都不遵守键的原始顺序。如果需要保留订单,则需要一个OrderedDict。>>> from collections import OrderedDict>>> res = OrderedDict()>>> for v, k in input:... if k in res: res[k].append(v)... else: res[k] = [v]... >>> [{'type':k, 'items':v} for k,v in res.items()][{'items': ['11013331', '9843236'], 'type': 'KAT'}, {'items': ['9085267', '11788544'], 'type': 'NOT'}, {'items': ['5238761', '5349618', '962142', '7795297', '7341464', '5594916', '1550003'], 'type': 'ETH'}]
呼唤远方
Python的内置itertools模块实际上具有一个groupbyfunction,但是为此,必须首先对要分组的元素进行排序,以使要分组的元素在列表中是连续的:from operator import itemgettersortkeyfn = itemgetter(1)input = [('11013331', 'KAT'), ('9085267', 'NOT'), ('5238761', 'ETH'), ('5349618', 'ETH'), ('11788544', 'NOT'), ('962142', 'ETH'), ('7795297', 'ETH'), ('7341464', 'ETH'), ('9843236', 'KAT'), ('5594916', 'ETH'), ('1550003', 'ETH')] input.sort(key=sortkeyfn)现在输入看起来像:[('5238761', 'ETH'), ('5349618', 'ETH'), ('962142', 'ETH'), ('7795297', 'ETH'), ('7341464', 'ETH'), ('5594916', 'ETH'), ('1550003', 'ETH'), ('11013331', 'KAT'), ('9843236', 'KAT'), ('9085267', 'NOT'), ('11788544', 'NOT')]groupby返回格式为的2元组序列(key, values_iterator)。我们想要的是将其转换为字典列表,其中“类型”是键,“项目”是values_iterator返回的元组的第0个元素的列表。像这样:from itertools import groupbyresult = []for key,valuesiter in groupby(input, key=sortkeyfn): result.append(dict(type=key, items=list(v[0] for v in valuesiter)))现在result包含您想要的字典,如您的问题所述。但是,您可能会考虑仅对此做出一个单独的dict,以类型为键,并且每个值都包含值列表。在当前形式中,要查找特定类型的值,必须遍历列表以查找包含匹配的“ type”键的字典,然后从中获取“ items”元素。如果您使用单个词典而不是一个1-item词典的列表,则可以通过在主词典中进行单键查找来查找特定类型的项目。使用groupby,这看起来像:result = {}for key,valuesiter in groupby(input, key=sortkeyfn): result[key] = list(v[0] for v in valuesiter)result现在包含此字典(这类似于res@KennyTM答案中的中间defaultdict):{'NOT': ['9085267', '11788544'], 'ETH': ['5238761', '5349618', '962142', '7795297', '7341464', '5594916', '1550003'], 'KAT': ['11013331', '9843236']}(如果您希望将其减少为单层,则可以:result = dict((key,list(v[0] for v in valuesiter) for key,valuesiter in groupby(input, key=sortkeyfn))或使用新奇的dict-comprehension形式:result = {key:list(v[0] for v in valuesiter) for key,valuesiter in groupby(input, key=sortkeyfn)}