今天在ASP.NET MVC项目中，实现一个小功能，就是记录浏览者客户端的一些信息。比如浏览者的IP，访问了哪些页面，以及浏览器相关的信息。
在数据库中创建一张表[VisitData]：
SET ANSI_NULLS ONGOSET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ONGOSET ANSI_PADDING ONGOCREATE TABLE [dbo].[VisitData]( [VisitData_nbr] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, [IP] [varchar](20) NOT NULL, [Controller] [varchar](30) NULL, [Action] [varchar](30) NULL, [Browser] [varchar](30) NULL, [Version] [varchar](10) NULL, [Platform] [nvarchar](30) NULL, [Languages] [nvarchar](30) NULL, [UserAgent] [nvarchar](300) NULL, [RecordDate] [datetime] NOT NULL DEFAULT (getdate()), [CreatedBy] [nvarchar](30) NOT NULL DEFAULT (suser_sname()), [UpdatedBy] [nvarchar](30) NOT NULL DEFAULT (suser_sname()), [CreateDate] [datetime] NOT NULL DEFAULT (getdate()))GO
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既然有数据库，那我们还需要写一个存储过程[dbo].[usp_VisitData_Insert]：
SET ANSI_NULLS ONGOSET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ONGOCREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_VisitData_Insert]( @IP VARCHAR(20), @Controller VARCHAR(30), @Action VARCHAR(30), @Browser VARCHAR(30), @Version VARCHAR(10), @Languages NVARCHAR(30), @Platform NVARCHAR(30), @UserAgent NVARCHAR(300))AS INSERT INTO [dbo].[VisitData]([IP],[Controller],[Action],[Browser],[Version],[Languages],[Platform],[UserAgent]) VALUES (@IP,@Controller,@Action,@Browser,@Version,@Languages,@Platform,@UserAgent)GO
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在数据库方法，我们就做这些，接下来我们需要转到ASP.NET MVC项目中，创建一个Model:
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Insus.NET.Models{ public class VisitData { public string IP { get; set; } public string Controller { get; set; } public string Action { get; set; } public string Browser { get; set; } public string Version { get; set; } public string Languages { get; set; } public string Platform { get; set; } public string UserAgent { get; set; } }}Source Code
创建完model之后，还需要创建一个Entity，这个实体就是数据与数据库之相关联:
using Insus.NET.DataBases;using Insus.NET.Models;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Data;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Insus.NET.Entities{ public class VisitDataEntity { BizSP sp = new BizSP(); public void Insert(VisitData vd) { List<Parameter> param = new List<Parameter>() { new Parameter("@IP", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1, vd.IP), new Parameter("@Controller", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1, vd.Controller), new Parameter("@Action", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1, vd.Action), new Parameter("@Browser", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1,vd.Browser ), new Parameter("@Version", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1,vd.Version ), new Parameter("@Languages", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1, vd.Languages), new Parameter("@Platform", SqlDbType.VarChar, -1,vd.Platform ), new Parameter("@UserAgent", SqlDbType.NVarChar, -1, vd.UserAgent) }; sp.ConnectionString = DB.ConnectionString; sp.Parameters = param; sp.ProcedureName = "usp_VisitData_Insert"; sp.Execute(); } }}Source Code
下面，我们考虑，只是浏览访问首页时，我们就去获取客户端的信息：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.Mvc;using Insus.NET;using Insus.NET.Attributes;using Insus.NET.Models;using Insus.NET.Utilities;using Insus.NET.Entities;namespace Insus.NET.Controllers{ public class HomeController : Controller { // GET: Home public ActionResult Index() { VisitData vd = new VisitData(); vd.IP = NetUtility.GetClientIP(); vd.Controller = this.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString(); //"Home"; vd.Action = this.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString(); //"Index"; HttpBrowserCapabilities bc = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.Browser; vd.Browser = bc.Browser; vd.Version = bc.Version; vd.Languages = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.UserLanguages[0]; vd.Platform = bc.Platform; vd.UserAgent = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.UserAgent; VisitDataEntity vie = new VisitDataEntity(); vie.Insert(vd); return View(); } }}Source Code
浏览网站首页，去数据库查询记录的情况：
我们需要的数据已经拿到了。
到现在为止，还有一个问题，我们需要记录浏览者访问了哪一个页面的记录，我们需要把上面那段代码粘贴至所在控制器的操作(Action)中。如果这样多，另一个问题又来了，一个ASP.NET MVC项目这样多。那上一个很可的事情，特别是在维护的时候，就知道它的利弊了。
写一个静态的Utility吧，然后每一个操作中使用这个方法名即可。嗯，想法不错。
不过，在ASP.NET MVC中，有一个更好的方法，就是过滤(filter).
using Insus.NET.Entities;using Insus.NET.Models;using Insus.NET.Utilities;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Web;using System.Web.Mvc;namespace Insus.NET.Attributes{ public class VisitActionFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { VisitData vd = new VisitData(); vd.IP = NetUtility.GetClientIP(); //vd.Controller = this.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString(); //"Home"; //vd.Action = this.ControllerContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString(); //"Index"; vd.Controller = filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString(); vd.Action = filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString(); HttpBrowserCapabilities bc = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.Browser; vd.Browser = bc.Browser; vd.Version = bc.Version; vd.Languages = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.UserLanguages[0]; vd.Platform = bc.Platform; vd.UserAgent = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.UserAgent; VisitDataEntity vie = new VisitDataEntity(); vie.Insert(vd); } }}Source Code
接下来简单的事情，就是在每一个控制器添加上面这个特性，如：