分布式apollo简介
Apollo（阿波罗）是携程框架部门研发的开源配置管理中心，能够集中化管理应用不同环境、不同集群的配置，配置修改后能够实时推送到应用端，并且具备规范的权限、流程治理等特性。
本文主要介绍如何使用apollo与springboot实现动态刷新配置，如果之前不了解apollo可以查看如下文档
学习了解一下apollo，再来查看本文
正文
apollo与spring实现动态刷新配置本文主要演示2种刷新，一种基于普通字段刷新、一种基于bean上使用了@ConfigurationProperties刷新
1、普通字段刷新
a、pom.xml配置
<dependency>
<groupId>com.ctrip.framework.apollo</groupId>
<artifactId>apollo-client</artifactId>
<version>1.6.0</version>
</dependency>
b、客户端配置AppId，Apollo Meta Server
此配置有多种方法，本示例直接在application.yml配置，配置内容如下
app:
id: ${spring.application.name}
apollo:
meta: http://192.168.88.128:8080,http://192.168.88.129:8080
bootstrap:
enabled: true
eagerLoad:
enabled: true
c、项目中启动类上加上@EnableApolloConfig注解，形如下
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableApolloConfig(value = {"application","user.properties","product.properties","order.properties"})
public class ApolloApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ApolloApplication.class, args);
}
}
@EnableApolloConfig不一定要加在启动类上，加在被spring管理的类上即可
d、在需刷新的字段上配置@Value注解，形如
@Value("${hello}")
private String hello;
通过以上三步就可以实现普通字段的动态刷新
2.bean使用@ConfigurationProperties动态刷新
bean使用@ConfigurationProperties注解目前还不支持自动刷新，得编写一定的代码实现刷新。目前官方提供2种刷新方案
- 基于RefreshScope实现刷新
- 基于EnvironmentChangeEvent实现刷新
- 本文再提供一种，当bean上如果使用了@ConditionalOnProperty如何实现刷新
a、基于RefreshScope实现刷新
1、pom.xml要额外引入
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-context</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
2、bean上使用@RefreshScope注解
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "product")
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder
@RefreshScope
public class Product {
private Long id;
private String productName;
private BigDecimal price;
}
3、利用RefreshScope搭配@ApolloConfigChangeListener监听实现bean的动态刷新，其代码实现如下
@ApolloConfigChangeListener(value="product.properties",interestedKeyPrefixes = {"product."})
private void refresh(ConfigChangeEvent changeEvent){
refreshScope.refresh("product");
PrintChangeKeyUtils.printChange(changeEvent);
}
b、基于EnvironmentChangeEvent实现刷新
利用spring的事件驱动配合@ApolloConfigChangeListener监听实现bean的动态刷新，其代码如下
@Component
@Slf4j
public class UserPropertiesRefresh implements ApplicationContextAware {
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@ApolloConfigChangeListener(value="user.properties",interestedKeyPrefixes = {"user."})
private void refresh(ConfigChangeEvent changeEvent){
applicationContext.publishEvent(new EnvironmentChangeEvent(changeEvent.changedKeys()));
PrintChangeKeyUtils.printChange(changeEvent);
}
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
}
c、当bean上有@ConditionalOnProperty如何实现刷新
当bean上有@ConditionalOnProperty注解时，上述的两种方案可以说失效了，因为@ConditionalOnProperty是一个条件注解，当不满足条件注解时，bean是没法注册到spring容器中的。如果我们要实现此种情况的下的动态刷新，我们就得自己手动注册或者销毁bean了。其实现流程如下
1、当满足条件注解时，则手动创建bean，然后配合@ApolloConfigChangeListener监听该bean的属性变化。当该bean属性有变化时，手动把属性注入bean。同时刷新依赖该bean的其他bean
2、当不满足条件注解时，则手动从spring容器中移除bean，同时刷新依赖该bean的其他bean
其刷新核心代码如下
public class OrderPropertiesRefresh implements ApplicationContextAware {
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@ApolloConfig(value = "order.properties")
private Config config;
@ApolloConfigChangeListener(value="order.properties",interestedKeyPrefixes = {"order."},interestedKeys = {"model.isShowOrder"})
private void refresh(ConfigChangeEvent changeEvent){
for (String basePackage : listBasePackages()) {
Set<Class> conditionalClasses = ClassScannerUtils.scan(basePackage, ConditionalOnProperty.class);
if(!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(conditionalClasses)){
for (Class conditionalClass : conditionalClasses) {
ConditionalOnProperty conditionalOnProperty = (ConditionalOnProperty) conditionalClass.getAnnotation(ConditionalOnProperty.class);
String[] conditionalOnPropertyKeys = conditionalOnProperty.name();
String beanChangeCondition = this.getChangeKey(changeEvent,conditionalOnPropertyKeys);
String conditionalOnPropertyValue = conditionalOnProperty.havingValue();
boolean isChangeBean = this.changeBean(conditionalClass, beanChangeCondition, conditionalOnPropertyValue);
if(!isChangeBean){
// 更新相应的bean的属性值，主要是存在@ConfigurationProperties注解的bean
applicationContext.publishEvent(new EnvironmentChangeEvent(changeEvent.changedKeys()));
}
}
}
}
PrintChangeKeyUtils.printChange(changeEvent);
printAllBeans();
}
/**
* 根据条件对bean进行注册或者移除
* @param conditionalClass
* @param beanChangeCondition bean发生改变的条件
* @param conditionalOnPropertyValue
*/
private boolean changeBean(Class conditionalClass, String beanChangeCondition, String conditionalOnPropertyValue) {
boolean isNeedRegisterBeanIfKeyChange = this.isNeedRegisterBeanIfKeyChange(beanChangeCondition,conditionalOnPropertyValue);
boolean isNeedRemoveBeanIfKeyChange = this.isNeedRemoveBeanIfKeyChange(beanChangeCondition,conditionalOnPropertyValue);
String beanName = StringUtils.uncapitalize(conditionalClass.getSimpleName());
if(isNeedRegisterBeanIfKeyChange){
boolean isAlreadyRegisterBean = this.isExistBean(beanName);
if(!isAlreadyRegisterBean){
this.registerBean(beanName,conditionalClass);
return true;
}
}else if(isNeedRemoveBeanIfKeyChange){
this.unregisterBean(beanName);
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* bean注册
* @param beanName
* @param beanClass
*/
public void registerBean(String beanName,Class beanClass) {
log.info("registerBean->beanName:{},beanClass:{}",beanName,beanClass);
BeanDefinitionBuilder beanDefinitionBurinilder = BeanDefinitionBuilder.genericBeanDefinition(beanClass);
BeanDefinition beanDefinition = beanDefinitionBurinilder.getBeanDefinition();
setBeanField(beanClass, beanDefinition);
getBeanDefinitionRegistry().registerBeanDefinition(beanName,beanDefinition);
}
/**
* 设置bean字段值
* @param beanClass
* @param beanDefinition
*/
private void setBeanField(Class beanClass, BeanDefinition beanDefinition) {
ConfigurationProperties configurationProperties = (ConfigurationProperties) beanClass.getAnnotation(ConfigurationProperties.class);
if(ObjectUtils.isNotEmpty(configurationProperties)){
String prefix = configurationProperties.prefix();
for (String propertyName : config.getPropertyNames()) {
String fieldPrefix = prefix + ".";
if(propertyName.startsWith(fieldPrefix)){
String fieldName = propertyName.substring(fieldPrefix.length());
String fieldVal = config.getProperty(propertyName,null);
log.info("setBeanField-->fieldName:{},fieldVal:{}",fieldName,fieldVal);
beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().add(fieldName,fieldVal);
}
}
}
}
/**
* bean移除
* @param beanName
*/
public void unregisterBean(String beanName){
log.info("unregisterBean->beanName:{}",beanName);
getBeanDefinitionRegistry().removeBeanDefinition(beanName);
}
public <T> T getBean(String name) {
return (T) applicationContext.getBean(name);
}
public <T> T getBean(Class<T> clz) {
return (T) applicationContext.getBean(clz);
}
public boolean isExistBean(String beanName){
return applicationContext.containsBean(beanName);
}
public boolean isExistBean(Class clz){
try {
Object bean = applicationContext.getBean(clz);
return true;
} catch (BeansException e) {
// log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
}
return false;
}
private boolean isNeedRegisterBeanIfKeyChange(String changeKey,String conditionalOnPropertyValue){
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(changeKey)){
return false;
}
String apolloConfigValue = config.getProperty(changeKey,null);
return conditionalOnPropertyValue.equals(apolloConfigValue);
}
private boolean isNeedRemoveBeanIfKeyChange(String changeKey,String conditionalOnPropertyValue){
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(changeKey)){
String apolloConfigValue = config.getProperty(changeKey,null);
return !conditionalOnPropertyValue.equals(apolloConfigValue);
}
return false;
}
private boolean isChangeKey(ConfigChangeEvent changeEvent,String conditionalOnPropertyKey){
Set<String> changeKeys = changeEvent.changedKeys();
if(!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(changeKeys) && changeKeys.contains(conditionalOnPropertyKey)){
return true;
}
return false;
}
private String getChangeKey(ConfigChangeEvent changeEvent, String[] conditionalOnPropertyKeys){
if(ArrayUtils.isEmpty(conditionalOnPropertyKeys)){
return null;
}
String changeKey = null;
for (String conditionalOnPropertyKey : conditionalOnPropertyKeys) {
if(isChangeKey(changeEvent,conditionalOnPropertyKey)){
changeKey = conditionalOnPropertyKey;
break;
}
}
return changeKey;
}
private BeanDefinitionRegistry getBeanDefinitionRegistry(){
ConfigurableApplicationContext configurableContext = (ConfigurableApplicationContext) applicationContext;
BeanDefinitionRegistry beanDefinitionRegistry = (DefaultListableBeanFactory) configurableContext.getBeanFactory();
return beanDefinitionRegistry;
}
private List<String> listBasePackages(){
ConfigurableApplicationContext configurableContext = (ConfigurableApplicationContext) applicationContext;
return AutoConfigurationPackages.get(configurableContext.getBeanFactory());
}
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
public void printAllBeans() {
String[] beans = applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames();
Arrays.sort(beans);
for (String beanName : beans) {
Class<?> beanType = applicationContext.getType(beanName);
System.out.println(beanType);
}
}
}
如果条件注解的值也是配置在apollo上，可能会出现依赖条件注解的bean的其他bean，在项目拉取apollo配置时，就已经注入spring容器中，此时就算条件注解满足条件，则引用该条件注解bean的其他bean，也会拿不到条件注解bean。此时有2种方法解决，一种是在依赖条件注解bean的其他bean注入之前，先手动注册条件注解bean到spring容器中，其核心代码如下
@Component
@Slf4j
public class RefreshBeanFactory implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory configurableListableBeanFactory) throws BeansException {
Config config = ConfigService.getConfig("order.properties");
List<String> basePackages = AutoConfigurationPackages.get(configurableListableBeanFactory);
for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
Set<Class> conditionalClasses = ClassScannerUtils.scan(basePackage, ConditionalOnProperty.class);
if(!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(conditionalClasses)){
for (Class conditionalClass : conditionalClasses) {
ConditionalOnProperty conditionalOnProperty = (ConditionalOnProperty) conditionalClass.getAnnotation(ConditionalOnProperty.class);
String[] conditionalOnPropertyKeys = conditionalOnProperty.name();
String beanConditionKey = this.getConditionalOnPropertyKey(config,conditionalOnPropertyKeys);
String conditionalOnPropertyValue = conditionalOnProperty.havingValue();
this.registerBeanIfMatchCondition((DefaultListableBeanFactory)configurableListableBeanFactory,config,conditionalClass,beanConditionKey,conditionalOnPropertyValue);
}
}
}
}
private void registerBeanIfMatchCondition(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory,Config config,Class conditionalClass, String beanConditionKey, String conditionalOnPropertyValue) {
boolean isNeedRegisterBean = this.isNeedRegisterBean(config,beanConditionKey,conditionalOnPropertyValue);
String beanName = StringUtils.uncapitalize(conditionalClass.getSimpleName());
if(isNeedRegisterBean){
this.registerBean(config,beanFactory,beanName,conditionalClass);
}
}
public void registerBean(Config config,DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory, String beanName, Class beanClass) {
log.info("registerBean->beanName:{},beanClass:{}",beanName,beanClass);
BeanDefinitionBuilder beanDefinitionBurinilder = BeanDefinitionBuilder.genericBeanDefinition(beanClass);
BeanDefinition beanDefinition = beanDefinitionBurinilder.getBeanDefinition();
setBeanField(config,beanClass, beanDefinition);
beanFactory.registerBeanDefinition(beanName,beanDefinition);
}
private void setBeanField(Config config,Class beanClass, BeanDefinition beanDefinition) {
ConfigurationProperties configurationProperties = (ConfigurationProperties) beanClass.getAnnotation(ConfigurationProperties.class);
if(ObjectUtils.isNotEmpty(configurationProperties)){
String prefix = configurationProperties.prefix();
for (String propertyName : config.getPropertyNames()) {
String fieldPrefix = prefix + ".";
if(propertyName.startsWith(fieldPrefix)){
String fieldName = propertyName.substring(fieldPrefix.length());
String fieldVal = config.getProperty(propertyName,null);
log.info("setBeanField-->fieldName:{},fieldVal:{}",fieldName,fieldVal);
beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().add(fieldName,fieldVal);
}
}
}
}
public boolean isNeedRegisterBean(Config config,String beanConditionKey,String conditionalOnPropertyValue){
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(beanConditionKey)){
return false;
}
String apolloConfigValue = config.getProperty(beanConditionKey,null);
return conditionalOnPropertyValue.equals(apolloConfigValue);
}
private String getConditionalOnPropertyKey(Config config, String[] conditionalOnPropertyKeys){
if(ArrayUtils.isEmpty(conditionalOnPropertyKeys)){
return null;
}
String changeKey = null;
for (String conditionalOnPropertyKey : conditionalOnPropertyKeys) {
if(isConditionalOnPropertyKey(config,conditionalOnPropertyKey)){
changeKey = conditionalOnPropertyKey;
break;
}
}
return changeKey;
}
private boolean isConditionalOnPropertyKey(Config config,String conditionalOnPropertyKey){
Set<String> propertyNames = config.getPropertyNames();
if(!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(propertyNames) && propertyNames.contains(conditionalOnPropertyKey)){
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
其次利用懒加载的思想，在使用条件注解bean时，使用形如下方法
Order order = (Order) SpringContextUtils.getBean("order");
总结
本文主要介绍了常用的动态刷新，但本文的代码示例实现的功能不局限于此，本文的代码还实现如何通过自定义注解与apollo整合来实现一些业务操作，同时也实现了基于hystrix注解与apollo整合，实现基于线程隔离的动态熔断，感兴趣的朋友可以复制文末链接到浏览器，进行查看
apollo基本上是能满足我们日常的业务开发要求，但是对于一些需求，比如动态刷新线上数据库资源啥，我们还是得做一定的量的改造，好在携程也提供了apollo-use-cases，在里面可以找到常用的使用场景以及示例代码，其链接如下
感兴趣的朋友，可以查看下。