JAVA的动态代理模式：
A接口，A1子类实现A接口，A2子类实现A接口。那么JAVA的动态代理模式会A1、A2…等所有子类的接口方法提供一样的增强方法。
先来看看怎么使用
A接口
package com.geely.design.pattern.structural.myproxy;
/**
* @Author: wenbaipei
* @Date: 2019/11/30 13:01
* @Version 1.0
*/
public interface HelloInterface {
void sayHello();
void sayHelloAgain();
}
A1子类
package com.geely.design.pattern.structural.myproxy;
/**
* @Author: wenbaipei
* @Date: 2019/11/30 13:01
* @Version 1.0
*/
public class Hello implements HelloInterface{
@Override
public void sayHello() {
System.out.println("Hello wenbaipei!");
}
@Override
public void sayHelloAgain() {
System.out.println("Hey!!Hello wenbaipei!!");
}
}
代理类：
package com.geely.design.pattern.structural.myproxy.dynamic;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
/**
* @Author: wenbaipei
* @Date: 2019/11/30 13:05
* @Version 1.0
*/
public class ProxyHandler implements InvocationHandler {
private Object object;
public ProxyHandler(Object object){
this.object = object;
}
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
Object ret;
if (StringUtils.equals(method.getName(),"sayHello")){
System.out.println("Before invoke " + method.getName());
ret = method.invoke(object, args);
System.out.println("After invoke " + method.getName());
}else {
System.out.println("Before invoke " + method.getName());
ret = method.invoke(object, args);
System.out.println("After invoke " + method.getName());
}
return ret;
}
}
测试类：
package com.geely.design.pattern.structural.myproxy.dynamic;
import com.geely.design.pattern.structural.myproxy.Hello;
import com.geely.design.pattern.structural.myproxy.HelloInterface;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
/**
* @Author: wenbaipei
* @Date: 2019/11/30 13:05
* @Version 1.0
*/
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.getProperties().setProperty("sun.misc.ProxyGenerator.saveGeneratedFiles", "true");
HelloInterface hello = new Hello();
InvocationHandler handler = new ProxyHandler(hello);
HelloInterface proxyHello = (HelloInterface) Proxy.newProxyInstance(hello.getClass().getClassLoader(), hello.getClass().getInterfaces(), handler);
proxyHello.sayHello();
proxyHello.sayHelloAgain();
}
}
结果：
分析
Proxy.newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces, InvocationHandler h)生成的是一个$Proxy0类的实例对象，那$Proxy0类又是一个怎样的类？
package com.sun.proxy;
import com.geely.design.pattern.structural.myproxy.HelloInterface;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException;
public final class $Proxy0 extends Proxy implements HelloInterface {
private static Method m1;
private static Method m3;
private static Method m2;
private static Method m4;
private static Method m0;
public $Proxy0(InvocationHandler var1) throws {
super(var1);
}
public final boolean equals(Object var1) throws {
try {
return (Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[]{var1});
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
throw var3;
} catch (Throwable var4) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
}
}
public final void sayHello() throws {
try {
super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final String toString() throws {
try {
return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final void sayHelloAgain() throws {
try {
super.h.invoke(this, m4, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final int hashCode() throws {
try {
return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
static {
try {
m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", Class.forName("java.lang.Object"));
m3 = Class.forName("com.geely.design.pattern.structural.myproxy.HelloInterface").getMethod("sayHello");
m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString");
m4 = Class.forName("com.geely.design.pattern.structural.myproxy.HelloInterface").getMethod("sayHelloAgain");
m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode");
} catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) {
throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) {
throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage());
}
}
}
$Proxy0是一个继承自Proxy，实现了HelloInterface接口的类。
由于继承自Proxy，那$Proxy0类对象也继承InvocationHandler属性h，而且这个属性h指向的是InvocationHandler handler = new ProxyHandler(hello)代码中new出来的ProxyHandler对象（至于为什么，待会再解释）。
所以当$Proxy0类对象实例proxyHello调用方法sayHello()时，super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);会调用handler对象的invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)方法。
感觉有点绕？那就看图吧！
原理：
怎么获得$Proxy0类的类对象的？
getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);是怎么获得$Proxy0类的类对象的？
private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader,
Class<?>... interfaces) {
if (interfaces.length > 65535) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded");
}
// If the proxy class defined by the given loader implementing
// the given interfaces exists, this will simply return the cached copy;
// otherwise, it will create the proxy class via the ProxyClassFactory
return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces);
}
英文已经明确告诉我们：如果代理类的类对象存在，则直接返回。否则由ProxyClassFactory类来创建代理类的类对象。
那我们就去看看ProxyClassFactory类吧。
private static final class ProxyClassFactory
implements BiFunction<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>>{
// 代理类的名字的前缀统一为“$Proxy”
private static final String proxyClassNamePrefix = "$Proxy";
// 每个代理类前缀后面都会跟着一个唯一的编号，如$Proxy0、$Proxy1、$Proxy2
private static final AtomicLong nextUniqueNumber = new AtomicLong();
@Override
public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {
Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length);
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
//验证类加载器加载接口得到对象是否与由apply函数参数传入的对象相同
Class<?> interfaceClass = null;
try {
interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
}
if (interfaceClass != intf) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
intf + " is not visible from class loader");
}
//验证这个Class对象是不是接口
if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface");
}
if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName());
}
}
String proxyPkg = null; // package to define proxy class in
int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL;
/*
* Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the
* proxy class will be defined in the same package. Verify that
* all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package.
*/
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
int flags = intf.getModifiers();
if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) {
accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL;
String name = intf.getName();
int n = name.lastIndexOf('.');
String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1));
if (proxyPkg == null) {
proxyPkg = pkg;
} else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"non-public interfaces from different packages");
}
}
}
if (proxyPkg == null) {
// if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package
proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + ".";
}
/*
* Choose a name for the proxy class to generate.
*/
long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement();
String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;
/*
*
* 生成指定代理类的字节码文件
*/
byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
try {
return defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
} catch (ClassFormatError e) {
/*
* A ClassFormatError here means that (barring bugs in the
* proxy class generation code) there was some other
* invalid aspect of the arguments supplied to the proxy
* class creation (such as virtual machine limitations
* exceeded).
*/
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
}
}
}
一系列检查后，调用ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass来生成字节码文件。
字节码生成后，调用defineClass0来解析字节码，生成了代理类的Class对象。
怎么生成字节码文件的呢？
public static byte[] generateProxyClass(final String var0, Class<?>[] var1, int var2) {
ProxyGenerator var3 = new ProxyGenerator(var0, var1, var2);
// 真正用来生成代理类字节码文件的方法在这里
final byte[] var4 = var3.generateClassFile();
// 保存代理类的字节码文件
if(saveGeneratedFiles) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
public Void run() {
try {
int var1 = var0.lastIndexOf(46);
Path var2;
if(var1 > 0) {
Path var3 = Paths.get(var0.substring(0, var1).replace('.', File.separatorChar), new String[0]);
Files.createDirectories(var3, new FileAttribute[0]);
var2 = var3.resolve(var0.substring(var1 + 1, var0.length()) + ".class");
} else {
var2 = Paths.get(var0 + ".class", new String[0]);
}
Files.write(var2, var4, new OpenOption[0]);
return null;
} catch (IOException var4x) {
throw new InternalError("I/O exception saving generated file: " + var4x);
}
}
});
}
return var4;
}
生成代理类字节码文件的generateClassFile方法:
private byte[] generateClassFile() {
//下面一系列的addProxyMethod方法是将接口中的方法和Object中的方法添加到代理方法中(proxyMethod)
this.addProxyMethod(hashCodeMethod, Object.class);
this.addProxyMethod(equalsMethod, Object.class);
this.addProxyMethod(toStringMethod, Object.class);
Class[] var1 = this.interfaces;
int var2 = var1.length;
int var3;
Class var4;
//获得接口中所有方法并添加到代理方法中
for(var3 = 0; var3 < var2; ++var3) {
var4 = var1[var3];
Method[] var5 = var4.getMethods();
int var6 = var5.length;
for(int var7 = 0; var7 < var6; ++var7) {
Method var8 = var5[var7];
this.addProxyMethod(var8, var4);
}
}
Iterator var11 = this.proxyMethods.values().iterator();
List var12;
while(var11.hasNext()) {
var12 = (List)var11.next();
checkReturnTypes(var12);
}
Iterator var15;
try {
//生成代理类的构造函数
this.methods.add(this.generateConstructor());
var11 = this.proxyMethods.values().iterator();
while(var11.hasNext()) {
var12 = (List)var11.next();
var15 = var12.iterator();
while(var15.hasNext()) {
ProxyGenerator.ProxyMethod var16 = (ProxyGenerator.ProxyMethod)var15.next();
this.fields.add(new ProxyGenerator.FieldInfo(var16.methodFieldName, "Ljava/lang/reflect/Method;", 10));
this.methods.add(var16.generateMethod());
}
}
this.methods.add(this.generateStaticInitializer());
} catch (IOException var10) {
throw new InternalError("unexpected I/O Exception", var10);
}
if(this.methods.size() > '\uffff') {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("method limit exceeded");
} else if(this.fields.size() > '\uffff') {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("field limit exceeded");
} else {
this.cp.getClass(dotToSlash(this.className));
this.cp.getClass("java/lang/reflect/Proxy");
var1 = this.interfaces;
var2 = var1.length;
for(var3 = 0; var3 < var2; ++var3) {
var4 = var1[var3];
this.cp.getClass(dotToSlash(var4.getName()));
}
this.cp.setReadOnly();
ByteArrayOutputStream var13 = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
DataOutputStream var14 = new DataOutputStream(var13);
try {
var14.writeInt(-889275714);
var14.writeShort(0);
var14.writeShort(49);
this.cp.write(var14);
var14.writeShort(this.accessFlags);
var14.writeShort(this.cp.getClass(dotToSlash(this.className)));
var14.writeShort(this.cp.getClass("java/lang/reflect/Proxy"));
var14.writeShort(this.interfaces.length);
Class[] var17 = this.interfaces;
int var18 = var17.length;
for(int var19 = 0; var19 < var18; ++var19) {
Class var22 = var17[var19];
var14.writeShort(this.cp.getClass(dotToSlash(var22.getName())));
}
var14.writeShort(this.fields.size());
var15 = this.fields.iterator();
while(var15.hasNext()) {
ProxyGenerator.FieldInfo var20 = (ProxyGenerator.FieldInfo)var15.next();
var20.write(var14);
}
var14.writeShort(this.methods.size());
var15 = this.methods.iterator();
while(var15.hasNext()) {
ProxyGenerator.MethodInfo var21 = (ProxyGenerator.MethodInfo)var15.next();
var21.write(var14);
}
var14.writeShort(0);
return var13.toByteArray();
} catch (IOException var9) {
throw new InternalError("unexpected I/O Exception", var9);
}
}
}