前面整理过Oracle物理备库的配置文档，数据文件是存储在文件系统上的，在生产环境中的DBA，往往都是面对几十上百G的数据，甚至可能是T级别的，文件系统存储数据文件在这些场合下的I/O问题就会逐渐暴露，因而在生产环境中的数据存储一般都使用ASM，或者裸设备，oracle 11g开始就不支持裸设备存储数据了，因而本讲主要介绍在ASM环境下配置Data guard物理备库！
环境介绍：
主库IP：192.168.227.20/24
主库SID: orcl
主库DB_NAME：orcl
主库DB_UNIQUE_NAME:primary
主库SERVICES_NAME: primary.yang.com
备库IP：192.168.227.30/24
备库SID: orcl
备库DB_NAME：orcl
备库DB_UNIQUE_NAME:physical
备库SERVICES_NAME: physical.yang.com
一：主库准备工作
1：配置ASM环境
[root@primary ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/localconfig add
[root@primary ~]# ps -ef |grep css
root 4180 1 0 13:07 ? 00:00:00 /bin/su -l oracle -c sh -c 'cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/log/primary/cssd; ulimit -c unlimited;
exec /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/ocssd '
oracle 4332 4180 0 13:08 ? 00:00:00 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/ocssd.bin
root 4682 4265 0 13:17 pts/1 00:00:00 grep css
[root@primary ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/
[root@primary bin]# ./crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
Cannot communicate with CRS
Cannot communicate with EVM
[oracle@primary ~]# ps -ef |grep -i asm
oracle 4459 1 0 13:10 ? 00:00:00 asm_pmon_+ASM
oracle 4461 1 0 13:10 ? 00:00:00 asm_psp0_+ASM
oracle 4463 1 0 13:10 ? 00:00:00 asm_mman_+ASM
oracle 4465 1 0 13:10 ? 00:00:00 asm_dbw0_+ASM
oracle 4467 1 0 13:10 ? 00:00:00 asm_lgwr_+ASM
oracle 4469 1 0 13:10 ? 00:00:00 asm_ckpt_+ASM
oracle 4471 1 0 13:10 ? 00:00:00 asm_smon_+ASM
oracle 4473 1 0 13:10 ? 00:00:00 asm_rbal_+ASM
oracle 4475 1 0 13:10 ? 00:00:00 asm_gmon_+ASM
oracle 4665 5702 0 13:16 pts/2 00:00:00 grep -i asm
[oracle@primary ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
[oracle@primary ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn /as sysdba
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_N STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------
+ASM STARTED
SQL> create diskgroup data normal redundancy
2 failgroup fg1 disk
3 '/dev/raw/raw1' name asmdisk1,
4 '/dev/raw/raw2' name asmdisk2
5 failgroup fg2 disk
6 '/dev/raw/raw3' name asmdisk3,
7 '/dev/raw/raw4' name asmdisk4;
Diskgroup created.
SQL> create diskgroup fra external redundancy
2 disk '/dev/raw/raw5' name asmdisk5;
Diskgroup created.
SQL> select name,path,failgroup from v$asm_disk;
NAME PATH FAILGROUP
---------- ---------------------------------------- --------------------
ASMDISK5 /dev/raw/raw5 ASMDISK5
ASMDISK4 /dev/raw/raw4 FG2
ASMDISK3 /dev/raw/raw3 FG2
ASMDISK2 /dev/raw/raw2 FG1
ASMDISK1 /dev/raw/raw1 FG1
SQL> select name,total_mb,free_mb,usable_file_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;
NAME TOTAL_MB FREE_MB USABLE_FILE_MB
---------- ---------- ---------- --------------
DATA 81920 81814 30667
FRA 58368 58318 58318
2：建库
[oracle@primary ~]$ env |grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=orcl
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
------------------------------------------
+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.259.765985893
+DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.765985893
+DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.258.765985893
+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.765985891
+DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.765986057
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.263.765986013
+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.259.765986017
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.262.765986005
+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.258.765986009
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.261.765985997
+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.257.765986003
SQL> show parameter spfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
SQL> show parameter control;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_file_record_keep_time integer 7
control_files string +DATA/orcl/controlfile/current
.260.765985991, +FRA/orcl/cont
rolfile/current.256.765985991
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination +FRA/orcl
Oldest online log sequence 3
Next log sequence to archive 5
Current log sequence 5
SQL> show parameter db_recovery_file_dest;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ---------
db_recovery_file_dest string +FRA
db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 50000M
3：添加standby日志组
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 size 50M;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 size 50M;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 size 50M;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 size 50M;
SQL> select member,type from v$logfile;
MEMBER TYPE
-------------------------------------------------- -------
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.263.765986013 ONLINE
+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.259.765986017 ONLINE
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.262.765986005 ONLINE
+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.258.765986009 ONLINE
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.261.765985997 ONLINE
+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.257.765986003 ONLINE
+DATA/primary/onlinelog/group_4.268.765996737 STANDBY
+FRA/primary/onlinelog/group_4.264.765996743 STANDBY
+DATA/primary/onlinelog/group_5.269.765996751 STANDBY
+FRA/primary/onlinelog/group_5.265.765996757 STANDBY
+DATA/primary/onlinelog/group_6.270.765996763 STANDBY
MEMBER TYPE
-------------------------------------------------- -------
+FRA/primary/onlinelog/group_6.266.765996767 STANDBY
+DATA/primary/onlinelog/group_7.271.765996775 STANDBY
+FRA/primary/onlinelog/group_7.267.765996779 STANDBY
4：配置Data guard相关参数
SQL> alter system set db_unique_name='primary' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(primary,physical)';
System altered.
SQL> show parameter remote_login;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+FRA/orcl valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=primary' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=physical lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfile,primary_role) db_unique_name=physical' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=enable;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set fal_server='physical';
System altered.
SQL> alter system set fal_client='primary';
System altered.
SQL> alter database force logging;
Database altered
5：配置listener.ora和tnsnames.ora文件(备库上需要做同样的配置)，重启监听器和数据库，确保数据库连接正常
[oracle@primary ~]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = primary_DGMGRL.yang.com)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.227.20)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
)
[oracle@primary ~]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
primary =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.227.20)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = primary.yang.com)
)
)
physical =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.227.30)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = physical.yang.com)
)
)
[oracle@primary ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
[oracle@primary ~]$ lsnrctl stop
[oracle@primary ~]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@primary ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
SQL> conn sys/123456@primary as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show parameter name;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ----------------------
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string orcl
db_unique_name string primary
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string orcl
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
service_names string primary.yang.com
6:备份主库相关文件
SQL> !mkdir -p /home/oracle/dg_backup
SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/dg_backup/initorcl.ora' from spfile;
File created.
[oracle@primary ~]$ rman target /
RMAN> backup incremental level 0 format '/home/oracle/dg_backup/dg_%U'
2> tag 'dg_asm' database plus archivelog;
RMAN> backup format '/home/oracle/dg_backup/ctl_asm_%U' current controlfile for standby;
[oracle@primary ~]$ ll -h /home/oracle/dg_backup/
total 670M
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6.8M Oct 31 15:32 ctl_asm_05mqg6vt_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 64M Oct 31 15:28 dg_01mqg6o9_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 592M Oct 31 15:29 dg_02mqg6oj_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6.9M Oct 31 15:29 dg_03mqg6qa_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 25K Oct 31 15:29 dg_04mqg6qh_1_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1.5K Oct 31 15:24 initorcl.ora
二：备库上的配置
1：配置ASM
[oracle@physical ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
[oracle@physical ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Oct 31 17:18:29 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select name,path,failgroup from v$asm_disk;
NAME PATH FAILGROUP
---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------
ASMDISK5 /dev/raw/raw5 ASMDISK5
ASMDISK4 /dev/raw/raw4 FG2
ASMDISK3 /dev/raw/raw3 FG2
ASMDISK2 /dev/raw/raw2 FG1
ASMDISK1 /dev/raw/raw1 FG1
2：复制主库上的备份数据
[oracle@physical ~]$ scp -rp primary:/home/oracle/dg_backup ./
[oracle@physical ~]$ cat dg_backup/initorcl.ora （修改如下参数）
*.db_unique_name='physical'
*.fal_client='physical'
*.fal_server='primary'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+FRA/orcl valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=physical'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=primary lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfile,primary_role) db_unique_name=primary'
[oracle@physical ~]$ cp dg_backup/initorcl.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@physical ~]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl password=123456 entries=5
[oracle@physical ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Oct 31 17:33:30 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select open_mode,name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE NAME
---------- ---------
MOUNTED ORCL
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218316 bytes
Variable Size 83888372 bytes
Database Buffers 79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
[oracle@physical ~]$ rman target sys/123456@primary auxiliary /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Oct 31 17:26:18 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1293766727)
connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered
验证：
[oracle@physical ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Oct 31 17:43:16 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time,applied from v$archived_log order by 1;
SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME APP
---------- ------------------- ------------------- ---
2 2011-10-31:13:57:04 2011-10-31:14:02:38 NO
3 2011-10-31:14:02:38 2011-10-31:14:24:53 NO
4 2011-10-31:14:24:53 2011-10-31:14:25:57 NO
5 2011-10-31:14:25:57 2011-10-31:15:28:03 NO
6 2011-10-31:15:28:03 2011-10-31:15:29:17 NO
7 2011-10-31:15:29:17 2011-10-31:16:59:50 NO
8 2011-10-31:16:59:50 2011-10-31:17:01:33 YES
7 rows selected.
查看日志信息：
[oracle@physical ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/
[oracle@physical bdump]$ tail -f alert_orcl.log
Archivelog restore complete. Elapsed time: 0:00:01
Archivelog restore complete. Elapsed time: 0:00:00
Archivelog restore complete. Elapsed time: 0:00:01
Archivelog restore complete. Elapsed time: 0:00:02
Archivelog restore complete. Elapsed time: 0:00:03
Archivelog restore complete. Elapsed time: 0:00:06
Archivelog restore complete. Elapsed time: 0:00:00
Mon Oct 31 17:41:33 2011
Media Recovery Log +FRA/orcl/1_8_765985997.arc
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 9
主库上切换日志：
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
备库上再次查询：
SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time,applied from v$archived_log where sequence# >= 8 order by 1;
SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_TIME APP
---------- ------------------- ------------------- ---
8 2011-10-31:16:59:50 2011-10-31:17:01:33 YES
9 2011-10-31:17:01:33 2011-10-31:17:45:49 YES
10 2011-10-31:17:45:49 2011-10-31:17:49:26 YES
11 2011-10-31:17:49:26 2011-10-31:17:50:42 YES
查看日志信息：
[oracle@physical admin]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/alert_orcl.log
Fetching gap sequence in thread 1, gap sequence 9-10
Mon Oct 31 17:51:14 2011
RFS[1]: Archived Log: '+FRA/orcl/1_9_765985997.arc'
RFS[1]: Archived Log: '+FRA/orcl/1_10_765985997.arc'
RFS[1]: Archived Log: '+FRA/orcl/1_11_765985997.arc'
Mon Oct 31 17:51:48 2011
Media Recovery Log +FRA/orcl/1_9_765985997.arc
Media Recovery Log +FRA/orcl/1_10_765985997.arc
Media Recovery Log +FRA/orcl/1_11_765985997.arc
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 12
三：排错
1：数据不同步问题排错
SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time,applied from v$archived_log;
no rows selected
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination +FRA/orcl
Oldest online log sequence 0
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 0
SQL> select * from v$archive_gap;
no rows selected
[oracle@physical ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/
[oracle@physical bdump]$ ls
alert_orcl.log orcl_arc1_18529.trc orcl_mrp0_18646.trc
[oracle@physical bdump]$ tail -f alert_orcl.log
FAL[client]: Failed to request gap sequence
GAP - thread 1 sequence 8-8
DBID 1293766727 branch 765985997
FAL[client]: All defined FAL servers have been attempted.
-------------------------------------------------------------
Check that the CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME initialization
parameter is defined to a value that is sufficiently large
enough to maintain adequate log switch information to resolve
archivelog gaps.
主库上查看归档日志信息
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination +FRA/orcl
Oldest online log sequence 7
Next log sequence to archive 9
Current log sequence 9
在备库上还原归档日志
RMAN> restore archivelog all;
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/dg_backup/dg_09mqgc7f_1_1
ORA-19870: error reading backup piece /home/oracle/dg_backup/dg_09mqgc7f_1_1
ORA-19504: failed to create file "+FRA/orcl/1_8_765985997.arc"
ORA-17502: ksfdcre:4 Failed to create file +FRA/orcl/1_8_765985997.arc
ORA-15173: entry 'orcl' does not exist in directory '/'
failover to previous backup
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 10/31/2011 17:39:52
RMAN-06026: some targets not found - aborting restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of log thread 1 seq 8 lowscn 489318 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of log thread 1 seq 7 lowscn 485345 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of log thread 1 seq 6 lowscn 485300 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of log thread 1 seq 5 lowscn 482789 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of log thread 1 seq 4 lowscn 482752 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of log thread 1 seq 3 lowscn 479773 found to restore
RMAN-06025: no backup of log thread 1 seq 2 lowscn 472799 found to restore
[oracle@physical dg_backup]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
[oracle@physical dg_backup]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> cd FRA
ASMCMD> ls
PHYSICAL/
ASMCMD> mkdir orcl
ASMCMD> ls
PHYSICAL/
orcl/
RMAN> restore archivelog all;
ASMCMD> cd orcl
ASMCMD> ls
1_2_765985997.arc
1_3_765985997.arc
1_4_765985997.arc
1_5_765985997.arc
1_6_765985997.arc
1_7_765985997.arc
1_8_765985997.arc
2:关闭主库后，重启物理备库，报错如下,找不到控制文件
SQL> startup mount
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
[oracle@physical dbs]$ grep -i control_files initorcl.ora //该路径需要和asmcmd命令找到的控制文件路径一致
*.control_files='+DATA/physical/controlfile/Current.256.765999025','+FRA/physcial/controlfile/backup.256.765999027'
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218316 bytes
Variable Size 83888372 bytes
Database Buffers 79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
配置物理备库以spfile方式启动，spfile不使用ASM管理
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
SQL> show parameter spfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0
/db_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora
3：配置ASM报错如下
[root@physical ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/localconfig add
/etc/oracle does not exist. Creating it now.
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
Operation successful.
Configuration for local CSS has been initialized
Adding to inittab
Startup will be queued to init within 90 seconds.
Checking the status of new Oracle init process...
Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.
Giving up: Oracle CSS stack appears NOT to be running.
Oracle CSS service would not start as installed
Automatic Storage Management(ASM) cannot be used until Oracle CSS service is started
[root@physical ~]# /etc/init.d/init.cssd run >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null &
[1] 16323
[root@physical ~]# ps -ef |grep css
root 16323 14445 0 16:22 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.cssd run
root 16338 16323 0 16:22 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.cssd startcheck
root 16406 14445 0 16:22 pts/2 00:00:00 grep css
[root@physical ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/
[root@physical bin]# ./crsctl check crs
Failure 1 contacting CSS daemon
Cannot communicate with CRS
Cannot communicate with EVM
[root@physical bin]# ./crsctl start crs
Attempting to start CRS stack
The CRS stack will be started shortly
[root@physical bin]# ./crsctl check crs
CSS appears healthy
Cannot communicate with CRS
Cannot communicate with EVM
4：物理备库standby日志组invalid问题排错
主库：
SQL> select member,type from v$logfile;
MEMBER TYPE
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.263.765986013 ONLINE
+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.259.765986017 ONLINE
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.262.765986005 ONLINE
+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.258.765986009 ONLINE
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.261.765985997 ONLINE
+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.257.765986003 ONLINE
+DATA/primary/onlinelog/group_4.268.765996737 STANDBY
+FRA/primary/onlinelog/group_4.264.765996743 STANDBY
+DATA/primary/onlinelog/group_5.269.765996751 STANDBY
+FRA/primary/onlinelog/group_5.265.765996757 STANDBY
+DATA/primary/onlinelog/group_6.270.765996763 STANDBY
MEMBER TYPE
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
+FRA/primary/onlinelog/group_6.266.765996767 STANDBY
+DATA/primary/onlinelog/group_7.271.765996775 STANDBY
+FRA/primary/onlinelog/group_7.267.765996779 STANDBY
备库：
SQL> select member,type from v$logfile;
MEMBER TYPE
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
+DATA/physical/onlinelog/group_3.264.765999293 ONLINE
+FRA/physical/onlinelog/group_3.259.765999299 ONLINE
+DATA/physical/onlinelog/group_2.263.765999285 ONLINE
+FRA/physical/onlinelog/group_2.258.765999291 ONLINE
+DATA/physical/onlinelog/group_1.262.765999279 ONLINE
+FRA/physical/onlinelog/group_1.257.765999283 ONLINE
+DATA STANDBY
+FRA STANDBY
+DATA STANDBY
+FRA STANDBY
+DATA STANDBY
MEMBER TYPE
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
+FRA STANDBY
+DATA STANDBY
+FRA STANDBY
在主库上删除所有的standby日志组，并切换日志组
SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 4;
SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 5;
SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 6;
SQL> alter database drop standby logfile group 7;
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
备库查询：
SQL> select member,type from v$logfile;
MEMBER TYPE
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------
+DATA/physical/onlinelog/group_3.264.765999293 ONLINE
+FRA/physical/onlinelog/group_3.259.765999299 ONLINE
+DATA/physical/onlinelog/group_2.263.765999285 ONLINE
+FRA/physical/onlinelog/group_2.258.765999291 ONLINE
+DATA/physical/onlinelog/group_1.262.765999279 ONLINE
+FRA/physical/onlinelog/group_1.257.765999283 ONLINE
在主库上添加新的standby日志组并切换日志，发现备库上依然无法同步
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 size 50M;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 size 50M;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 size 50M;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 size 50M;
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
[oracle@physical admin]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/alert_orcl.log
Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
RFS[2]: No standby redo logfiles created
Mon Oct 31 18:05:16 2011
Media Recovery Log +FRA/orcl/1_12_765985997.arc
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 13 (in transit)
Mon Oct 31 18:05:33 2011
Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC
-- Connected User is Valid
RFS[3]: Assigned to RFS process 19621
RFS[3]: Identified database type as 'physical standby'
猜想可能是ASM磁盘组下没有primary目录的原因，在ASM磁盘组下创建相关的目录，在主库上删除standby日志组后添加新的日志组，并切换日志，发现standby日志组依然无法同步；后来尝试在主库上将standby日志组放在文件系统上，切换日志后，备库依然无法同步创建！
后来这个问题通过switchover后，在原物理备库上手动创建standby日志组搞定！
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