图书管理系统【部署开发环境、解决分类、图书、前台页面模块】（1）@慕课网原创_慕课网

前言

巩固Servlet+JSP开发模式，做一个比较完整的小项目.

成果图

该项目包含了两个部分，前台和后台。

前台用于显示

后台用于管理

该项目可分为5个模块来组成：分类模块，用户模块，图书模块，购买模块，订单模块。

搭建环境

建立包结构

导入开发包

前台分帧页面

index.jsp【没有body标签的】


  <frameset rows="25%,*">
    <frame src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/client/head.jsp"/>
    <frame src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/client/body.jsp"/>
  </frameset>

head.jsp

<body >
<h1>欢迎来到购物中心</h1>

body是空白的jsp页面
效果：

后台分帧页面

manager.jsp【嵌套了framset标签，也是没有body标签的】


<frameset rows="25%,*">
    <frame src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/background/head.jsp"/>

    <frameset cols="15%,*">
        <frame src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/background/left.jsp"/>
        <frame src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/background/body.jsp"/>
    </frameset>
</frameset>

head.jsp


<body >
<h1>后台管理</h1>

left.jsp


<a href="#">分类管理</a>

<br>
<br>
<a href="#">图书管理</a>
<br>
<br>

<a href="#">订单管理</a>
<br>
<br>

body.jsp是空白的
效果：

分帧的文件夹目录结构

值得注意的是：

文件夹的名字不能使用“manager”，不然会出现：403 Access Denied错误
frameset标签是可以嵌套的，分列用“cols”，分行用“rows”

导入工具类和方法的代码

过滤中文乱码数据
HTML转义
DAOFactory
JDBC连接池
UUID工具类
c3p0.xml配置文件

这些代码都可以在我的博客分类：代码库中找到！

分类模块

首先，我们来做分类模块吧

创建实体Category

    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String description;

    //各种setter、getter

在数据库创建表


CREATE TABLE category (

  id          VARCHAR(40) PRIMARY KEY,
  name        VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE ,
  description VARCHAR(255)

);

编写CategoryDAO


/**
 * 分类模块
 *  1：添加分类
 *  2：查找分类
 *  3：修改分类
 *
 *
 * */
public class CategoryImpl {

    public void addCategory(Category category) {

        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(Utils2DB.getDataSource());

        String sql = "INSERT INTO category (id, name, description) VALUES(?,?,?)";
        try {
            queryRunner.update(sql, new Object[]{category.getId(), category.getName(), category.getDescription()});

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public Category findCategory(String id) {
        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(Utils2DB.getDataSource());
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM category WHERE id=?";

        try {
            Category category = (Category) queryRunner.query(sql, id, new BeanHandler(Category.class));

            return category;

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

    }

    public List<Category> getAllCategory() {
        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(Utils2DB.getDataSource());
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM category";

        try {
            List<Category> categories = (List<Category>) queryRunner.query(sql, new BeanListHandler(Category.class));

             return categories;
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

    }
}

测试DAO


public class demo {

    @Test
    public void add() {

        Category category = new Category();
        category.setId("2");
        category.setName("数据库系列");
        category.setDescription("这是数据库系列");

        CategoryImpl category1 = new CategoryImpl();
        category1.addCategory(category);

    }

    @Test
    public void find() {

        String id = "1";
        CategoryImpl category1 = new CategoryImpl();
        Category category = category1.findCategory(id);

        System.out.println(category.getName());
    }
    @Test
    public void getAll() {

        CategoryImpl category1 = new CategoryImpl();
        List<Category> categories = category1.getAllCategory();

        for (Category category : categories) {
            System.out.println(category.getName());
        }
    }

}

抽取成DAO接口


public interface CategoryDao {
    void addCategory(Category category);

    Category findCategory(String id);

    List<Category> getAllCategory();
}

后台页面的添加分类

在超链接上，绑定显示添加分类的页面


<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/background/addCategory.jsp" target="body">添加分类</a>

显示添加分类的JSP页面


<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/CategoryServlet?method=add" method="post">

    分类名称：<input type="text" name="name"><br>
    分类描述：<textarea name="description"></textarea><br>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">

</form>

处理添加分类的Servlet


        if (method.equals("add")) {

            try {
                //把浏览器带过来的数据封装到bean中
                Category category = WebUtils.request2Bean(request, Category.class);
                category.setId(WebUtils.makeId());

                service.addCategory(category);
                request.setAttribute("message", "添加分类成功！");

            } catch (Exception e) {
                request.setAttribute("message","添加分类失败");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(request, response);

        }

效果：

后台页面的查看分类

在超链接上，绑定处理请求的Servlet


        else if (method.equals("look")) {

            List<Category> list = service.getAllCategory();
            request.setAttribute("list", list);
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/background/lookCategory.jsp").forward(request, response);

        }

显示分类页面的JSP


<c:if test="${empty(list)}">

    暂时还没有分类数据哦，请你添加把
</c:if>
<c:if test="${!empty(list)}">

    <table border="1px">
        <tr>
            <td>分类名字</td>
            <td>分类描述</td>
            <td>操作</td>
        </tr>

    <c:forEach items="${list}" var="category">

        <tr>
            <td>${category.name}</td>
            <td>${category.description}</td>
            <td>
                <a href="#">删除</a>
                <a href="#">修改</a>
            </td>
        </tr>

    </c:forEach>

    </table>
</c:if>

效果：

图书模块

分析

在设计图书管理的时候，我们应该想到：图书和分类是有关系的。一个分类可以对应多本图书。

为什么要这样设计？这样更加人性化，用户在购买书籍的时候，用户能够查看相关分类后的图书，而不是全部图书都显示给用户，让用户一个一个去找。

设计实体


    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private String description;
    private double price;

    //记住图片的名称
    private String image;

    //记住分类的id
    private String category_id;

    //各种setter和getter

设计数据库表


CREATE TABLE book (
  id          VARCHAR(40) PRIMARY KEY,
  name        VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
  description VARCHAR(255),
  author      VARCHAR(10),
  price       FLOAT,
  image       VARCHAR(100),
  category_id VARCHAR(40),
  CONSTRAINT category_id_FK FOREIGN KEY (category_id) REFERENCES category (id)

);

编写DAO


/**
 * 图书模块
 * 1：添加图书
 * 2：查看图书
 * 3：查找图书的分页数据【图书一般来说有很多，所以要分页】
 */
public class BookDaoImpl {

    public void addBook(Book book) {

        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(Utils2DB.getDataSource());

        String sql = "INSERT INTO book (id,name,description,author,price,image,category_id) VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";
        try {
            queryRunner.update(sql, new Object[]{book.getId(), book.getName(), book.getDescription(), book.getAuthor(), book.getPrice(),book.getImage(), book.getCategory_id()});

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public Book findBook(String id) {

        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(Utils2DB.getDataSource());

        String sql = "SELECT * FROM book WHERE id=?";

        try {
            return (Book) queryRunner.query(sql, id, new BeanHandler(Book.class));
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**得到图书的分页数据*/
    public List<Book> getPageData(int start, int end) {

        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(Utils2DB.getDataSource());

        String sql = "SELECT * FROM book limit ?,?";

        try {
            return (List<Book>) queryRunner.query(sql, new BeanListHandler(Book.class), new Object[]{start, end});
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**得到按照分类图书的分页数据*/
    public List<Book> getPageData(int start, int end,String category_id) {

        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(Utils2DB.getDataSource());

        //WHERE字句在limit字句的前边，注意Object[]的参数位置！
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM book WHERE category_id=? limit ?,?";

        try {
            return (List<Book>) queryRunner.query(sql, new BeanListHandler(Book.class), new Object[]{ category_id,start, end});
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 得到图书的总记录数
     */
    public int getTotalRecord() {
        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(Utils2DB.getDataSource());

        String sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM book";

        try {
            return (int) queryRunner.query(sql, new ScalarHandler());
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 得到分类后图书的总记录数
     * getCategoryTotalRecord
     */
    public long getCategoryTotalRecord(String category_id) {

        try {
            QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(Utils2DB.getDataSource());

            String sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM book WHERE category_id=?";
            return (long) queryRunner.query(sql, category_id, new ScalarHandler());

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

}

测试DAO


public class BookDemo {

    BookDaoImpl bookDao = new BookDaoImpl();

    @Test

    public void add() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setId("5");
        book.setName("SQLServer");
        book.setAuthor("我也不知道");
        book.setImage("33333332432");
        book.setPrice(33.22);
        book.setDescription("这是一本好书");
        book.setCategory_id("2");

        bookDao.addBook(book);
    }

    @Test
    public void look() {

        List<Book> bookList = bookDao.getPageData(3, 3);

        for (Book book : bookList) {
            System.out.println(book.getName());
        }

        List<Book> books = bookDao.getPageData(0,2,"2");

        for (Book book : books) {
            System.out.println(book.getName());

        }
    }

    @Test
    public void find() {
        String id = "2";
        Book book = bookDao.findBook(id);

        System.out.println(book.getName());
    }

}

抽取成DAO接口


public interface BookDao {
    void addBook(Book book);

    Book findBook(String id);

    List<Book> getPageData(int start, int end);

    List<Book> getPageData(int start, int end, String category_id);

    long getTotalRecord();

    long getCategoryTotalRecord(String category_id);
}

编写Service层


    /*添加图书*/
    public void addBook(Book book) {
        bookDao.addBook(book);

    }

    /*查找图书*/
    public Book findBook(String id) {
        return bookDao.findBook(id);
    }

    /*查找图书*/
    public Book findBook(String id) {
        return bookDao.findBook(id);
    }

    /*获取图书的分页数据*/
    public Page getPageData(String pageNum) {

        Page page=null;
        if (pageNum == null) {
            page = new Page(1, bookDao.getTotalRecord());
        } else {
            page = new Page(Integer.valueOf(pageNum), bookDao.getTotalRecord());
        }

        List<Book> books = bookDao.getPageData(page.getStartIndex(), page.getLinesize());
        page.setList(books);

        return page;

    }

    /*获取图书分类后的分页数据*/
    public Page getPageData(String currentPageCount,String category_id) {

        Page page=null;
        if (currentPageCount == null) {
            page = new Page(1, bookDao.getCategoryTotalRecord(category_id));
        } else {
            page = new Page(Integer.valueOf(currentPageCount), bookDao.getCategoryTotalRecord(category_id));
        }

        List<Book> books = bookDao.getPageData(page.getStartIndex(), page.getLinesize(), category_id);
        page.setList(books);
        return page;

    }

后台添加图书

后台要添加图书的时候，应该说明图书的类型是什么。

要想在显示添加图书的页面上知道全部类型的id，就要经过Servlet把类型的集合传送过去

绑定链接


<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/BookServlet?method=addUI" target="body">添加图书</a><br>

传送类型集合的Servlet


        String method = request.getParameter("method");
        BussinessServiceImpl service = new BussinessServiceImpl();

        if (method.equals("addUI")) {

            List<Category> list = service.getAllCategory();
            request.setAttribute("list", list);
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/background/addBook.jsp").forward(request, response);

        }

显示JSP页面

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/BookServlet?method=add" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">

    <table border="1px" width="30%">
        <tr>
            <td> 图书名称：</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td> 作者：</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="author"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td> 图书价钱：</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="price"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>类型：</td>
            <td>
                <select name="category_id">
                    <c:forEach items="${list}" var="category">
                        <option value="${category.id}">${category.name}</option>
                    </c:forEach>
                </select>
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td> 上传图片</td>
            <td><input type="file" name="image"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>详细描述</td>
            <td><textarea name="description"></textarea></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>
                <input type="submit" value="提交">
                <input type="reset" value="重置">
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form>

处理表单数据Servlet


else if (method.equals("add")) {

            //上传文件和普通数据分割开，封装到Book对象上
            Book book = uploadData(request);

            book.setId(WebUtils.makeId());
            service.addBook(book);
            request.setAttribute("message", "添加图书成功");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/message.jsp").forward(request, response);
        }

uploadData()方法代码


    private Book uploadData(HttpServletRequest request) {

        Book book = new Book();
        try{

            //1.得到解析器工厂
            DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();

            //2.得到解析器
            ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

            //设置编码
            upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");

            //为上传表单，则调用解析器解析上传数据
            List<FileItem> list = upload.parseRequest(request);  //FileItem

            //遍历list，得到用于封装第一个上传输入项数据fileItem对象
            for(FileItem item : list){

                if(item.isFormField()){

                    //得到的是普通输入项
                    String name = item.getFieldName();  //得到输入项的名称
                    String value = item.getString("UTF-8");

                    //使用BeanUtils封装数据
                    BeanUtils.setProperty(book, name, value);
                }else{

                    //得到上传输入项

                    //得到上传文件名全路径
                    String filename = item.getName();

                    //截取文件名
                    filename = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);

                    InputStream in = item.getInputStream();   //得到上传数据

                    int len = 0;
                    byte buffer[]= new byte[1024];

                    //如果没有这个目录，就创建它
                    String savepath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/image");
                    File file = new File(savepath);
                    if (!file.exists()) {
                        file.mkdir();
                    }

                    FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(savepath + "\\" + filename);
                    while((len=in.read(buffer))>0){
                        out.write(buffer, 0, len);
                    }
                    //设置图片的名字
                    book.setImage(filename);

                    in.close();
                    out.close();

                    //关闭临时文件
                    item.delete();
                }
            }

        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return book;
    }

效果：

图书管理系统【部署开发环境、解决分类、图书、前台页面模块】（1）原创

绑定链接

传送类型集合的Servlet

显示JSP页面

处理表单数据Servlet