Struts2下使用jsonplugin及jquery完成ajax功能
1. 从以下网址[url]http://code.google.com/p/jsonplugin/downloads/list[/url]下载JSON插件的JAR包(新版本是0.32),并加到工程的相应目录下。从如下网址[url]http://docs.jquery.com/Downloading_jQuery[/url]下载jquery所需文件。(建议下载稳定版本,不然会出现莫名其妙的错误)2. 配置相应的xml文件,为ajax请求提供数据:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"><struts> <package name="sajax" extends="json-default" namespace="/book"> <action name="getAjaxBookChannelList" method="getAjaxBookChannelList" class="bookChannelAction"> <result type="json" />
</action> <action name="getAjaxBookCategoryListByChannelID" method="getAjaxBookCategoryListByChannelID" class="bookChannelAction"> <result type="json" /> </action> </package></struts>配置有两处与通常的action配置不同,一处是扩展了json-default, json-default”是在jsonplugin-0.30.jar包里的struts-plugin.xml中定义的,文件内容如下:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts> <package name="json-default" extends="struts-default"> <result-types> <result-type name="json" class="com.googlecode.jsonplugin.JSONResult"/> </result-types> <interceptors> <interceptor name="json" class="com.googlecode.jsonplugin.JSONInterceptor"/> </interceptors> </package></struts>
另一处是定义了返回类型为json<result type="json" />,会将response中的返回数据转化为json对象。3.在Action中的定义。定义返回对象,并添加get,set方法。返回的数据可以根据需要格式成json形式(json格式如{1:test,2:test}),比如为二级列表提供填充内容的的数据,在页面需要进行遍历,做成json形式的,在页面遍历时也会比较方便。Action代码(部分)如下: public String getAjaxBookChannelList() { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); bookChannelList = bookService.getBookChannelList(); if (bookChannelList.size() > 0) { int j = bookChannelList.size(); sb.append("{"); for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) { BookChannel bc = (BookChannel) bookChannelList.get(i); sb.append(bc.getId()); sb.append(":"); sb.append("\""); sb.append(bc.getName()); sb.append("\""); if (i != (j - 1)) sb.append(","); } sb.append("}"); }
strAjaxChannel = sb.toString();//返回的数据
return Action.SUCCESS; }
4页面操作。Jquery中已经提供几供ajax请求的方法,如果返回的是json对象,使用jQuery.getJSON(url,[data],[callback])会比较方便,
jQuery.getJSON(url,[data],[callback]) 通过 HTTP GET 请求载入 JSON 数据。
返回值XMLHttpRequest
参数url (String) : 发送请求地址。data (Map) : (可选) 待发送 Key/value 参数。callback (Function) : (可选) 载入成功时回调函数。
参数部分,浏览器的缓存是以url为标识的,如果url相同会使用缓存中的数据,如果不想使用缓存,可以在参数中加入一个随机数。
jQuery.each(obj,callback)
通用例遍方法,可用于例遍对象和数组参数object (Object) : 需要例遍的对象或数组。callback (Function) : (可选) 每个成员/元素执行的回调函数。回调函数拥有两个参数:第一个为对象的成员或数组的索引,第二个为对应变量或内容。Jquery操作下拉列表添加选项的方法为: $(“# categoryId”)[0].options.add(option);
页面代码如下(部分):<. language="." type="text/." src="/.s/jquery-1.2.2.js"></.><. language="."> function fillChannel(id){ var url = "/book/getAjaxBookChannelList.action"; $.getJSON(url,{ran:Math.random()},function(json){
if(json.strAjaxChannel.length > 0){ var obj = .('(' + json.strAjaxChannel + ')'); $.each(obj,function(i,n){ option = new Option(n,i); if(i==id)option.selected=true; document.getElementById("channellistId").options.add(option); }); option = new Option("全部频道",999); if(id == 999)option.selected=true; document.getElementById("channellistId").options.add(option); } else{ option = new Option("暂无频道"); document.getElementById("channellistId").options.add(option); } }
); } function fillCategory(chid,bid){ document.getElementById("categoryId").options.length=1; var url = "/book/getAjaxBookCategoryListByChannelID.action"; var cid = 0; if(chid > 0){ cid = chid; } else{ cid = document.getElementById("channellistId").value; } $.getJSON(url,{channelID:cid,ran:Math.random()}, function(json){
//参数为频道ID及随机数,function(json)为回调函数,其中json为取到的返回数据
if(json.strAjaxCategory.length > 0){ var obj = .('(' + json.strAjaxCategory + ')');//将json文本转化为json对象,以便于遍历
$.each(obj,function(i,n){ //jquery中的遍历方法,
option = new Option(n,i); if(i==bid)option.selected=true; document.getElementById("categoryId").options.add(option); }); option = new Option("全部分类","-3"); if(bid ==-3)option.selected=true; document.getElementById("categoryId").options.add(option); //jquery的方法为:$(“# categoryId”)[0].options.add(option);
} else{ if(cid == 999){ option = new Option("全部分类","-1"); document.getElementById("categoryId").options.add(option); } else{ option = new Option("暂无分类"); document.getElementById("categoryId").options.add(option); } } }
); }
function fillSelect(chid,cid){ fillChannel(chid); fillCategory(chid,cid); }</.><body <s:if test="bookCategory.bookchannelId >0">onLoad="fillSelect(<s:property value="bookCategory.bookchannelId"/>,<s:property value="bookCategory.id"/>);"</s:if><s:if test="bookCategory==null">onLoad="fillChannel(0);"</s:if>>
作品类别 <select name="channellistId" id="channellistId" onChange="fillCategory(<s:if test="bookCategory.bookchannelId >0">0,</s:if><s:property value="categoryId"/>);"><option>选择频道</option></select> <select name="categoryId" id="categoryId"><option>选择分类</option></select>
直接访问[url]http://manager.17k.com/book/getAjaxBookChannelList.action[/url]得到如下内容:{"ajaxBookCategoryListByChannelID":"success","ajaxBookChannelList":"success","bcID":0,"bchID":0,"bookCategory":null,"bookCategoryAllList":null,"bookCategoryByChannelID":"success","bookCategoryByID":null,"bookCategoryList":null,"bookCategoryListModel":null,"bookChannel":null,"bookChannelList":[{"createdate":"2008-07-09T10:23:36","id":1,"name":"畅销经典","prefix":"changxiao","status":0},{"createdate":"2008-07-09T10:24:03","id":2,"name":"玄幻奇幻","prefix":"yy","status":0},{"createdate":"2008-07-09T10:24:25","id":3,"name":"都市娱乐","prefix":"dushi","status":0},{"createdate":"2008-07-09T10:24:38","id":4,"name":"历史军事","prefix":"ss","status":0},{"createdate":"2008-07-09T10:24:54","id":5,"name":"女性时尚","prefix":"nvxing","status":0},{"createdate":"2008-07-09T10:25:11","id":6,"name":"游戏竞技","prefix":"dongman","status":0},{"createdate":"2008-07-09T10:25:24","id":7,"name":"恐怖灵异","prefix":"kongbu","status":0},{"createdate":"2008-07-09T10:25:35","id":8,"name":"文化社科","prefix":"www","status":0},{"createdate":"2008-07-09T10:25:46","id":9,"name":"经管励志","prefix":"www","status":0}],"channelID":0,"currentPage":0,"info":"","msg":"","pageSize":0,"srcID":0,"strAjax":"","strAjaxCategory":"","strAjaxChannel":"{1:\"畅销经典\",2:\"玄幻奇幻\",3:\"都市娱乐\",4:\"历史军事\",5:\"女性时尚\",6:\"游戏竞技\",7:\"恐怖灵异\",8:\"文化社科\",9:\"经管励志\"}","tarID":0,"theBookCategory":"success","theBookChannel":"success","toID":0}
关于jsonplugin序列化的几点:
a.对于不想被序列化的属性,可以在他的get方法前加注释: @JSON(serialize=false)
b.对于想改变json结果属性名称的,可以在他的get方法前加注释@JSON(name="属性名")
c. 带有transient修饰符与没有Getter方法的字段(field)都不会被串行化为JSON。
对于struts2下jsonplugin、jquery的使用,我也不太熟悉,大家一起学习吧。
参考资料:
Struts 2与AJAX[url]http://hi.baidu.com/clking419/blog/item/503abb18079b250535fa41b5.html[/url]