当把一个事件发布到Spring提供的ApplicationContext
中,被监听器侦测到,就会执行对应的处理方法。
事件本身
事件是一个自定义的类,需要继承Spring提供的ApplicationEvent
。
@Datapublic class MyEvent extends ApplicationEvent { private String msg; public MyEvent(Object source, String msg) { super(source); this.msg = msg; } }
事件监听
基本方法是实现ApplicationListener
接口,自定义一个监听器,实现onApplicationEvent()
方法,然后添加到ApplicationContext
。
比如:
public class MyListener implements ApplicationListener<MyEvent> { @Override public void onApplicationEvent(MyEvent event) { System.out.print("监听到MyEvent事件"); } } ...// SpringBoot的启动类中添加监听器 public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(MyApplication.class); application.addListeners(new MyListener()); application.run(args); }
也可以使用注解@EventListener
(推荐):原理就是通过扫描这个注解,创建监听器并添加到ApplicationContext
。
@Component@Slf4jpublic class MyEventHandler { @EventListener public void handleEvent(MyEvent event) { log.info("------------处理事件:{}", event.getMsg()); try { Thread.sleep(5 * 1000L); log.info("事件1(5s)处理完成"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
事件发布
可以通过上下文对象的发布方法ConfigurableApplicationContext::publishEvent()
来发布。
也可以实现ApplicationEventPublisherAware
接口来发布(推荐)。
@Component@Slf4jpublic class EventService implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware { public ApplicationEventPublisher publisher; @Override public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) { this.publisher = applicationEventPublisher; } public String doEventWork(String msg) { log.info("------------publish event:" + msg); MyEvent event = new MyEvent(this, msg); publisher.publishEvent(event); return "OK"; } }
测试代码
@SpringBootTest@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)public class EventServiceTest { @Autowired private EventService service; @Test public void eventTest() { String msg="Java Code"; service.doEventWork(msg); } }
image
注意
如果2个事件之间是继承关系,会先监听到子类事件,处理完再监听父类。
// MyEvent2 extends MyEvent@Component@Slf4jpublic class MyEventHandler { @EventListener public void handleEvent(MyEvent event) { log.info("------------处理事件:{}", event.getMsg()); try { Thread.sleep(5 * 1000L); log.info("事件1(5s)处理完成"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @EventListener public void handleEvent2(MyEvent2 event) { log.info("------------处理事件2:{}", event.getMsg()); try { Thread.sleep(10 * 1000L); log.info("事件2(10s)处理完成"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
当我publish一个子类事件MyEvent2时,日志如下:
image
作者:Joepis
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/47ae0bbdf205