记录一下创建 RESTful API使用 Go
开发语言和 MongoDB
后台数据库
image
安装依赖
go get github.com/globalsign/mgo // MongoDB的Go语言驱动go get github.com/gorilla/mux // Go语言的http路由库
API 结构预览
app.go
package mainimport ( "fmt" "net/http" "github.com/gorilla/mux")func AllMovies(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }func FindMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }func CreateMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }func UpdateMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }func DeleteMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }func main() { r := mux.NewRouter() r.HandleFunc("/movies", AllMovies).Methods("GET") r.HandleFunc("/movies/{id}", FindMovie).Methods("GET") r.HandleFunc("/movies", CreateMovie).Methods("POST") r.HandleFunc("/movies", UpdateMovie).Methods("PUT") r.HandleFunc("/movies", DeleteMovie).Methods("DELETE") http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r) }
随着后续路由的增加,需要重构一个这个文件,仿照 beego
的工程目录,我们也分别创建对应的 controllers
和 routes
,改造一下上面的代码
控制器
创建 controllers
文件夹和对应的文件 movies.go
movies.go
func AllMovies(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }func FindMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }func CreateMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, t *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }func UpdateMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }func DeleteMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "not implemented !") }
路由
创建一个 routes
文件夹,并创建对应的文件 routes.go
routes.go
package routes import ( "net/http" "github.com/coderminer/restful/controllers" "github.com/gorilla/mux") type Route struct { Method string Pattern string Handler http.HandlerFunc Middleware mux.MiddlewareFunc } var routes []Route func init() { register("GET", "/movies", controllers.AllMovies, nil) register("GET", "/movies/{id}", controllers.FindMovie, nil) register("POST", "/movies", controllers.CreateMovie, nil) register("PUT", "/movies", controllers.UpdateMovie, nil) register("DELETE", "/movies", controllers.DeleteMovie, nil) } func NewRouter() *mux.Router { r := mux.NewRouter() for _, route := range routes { r.Methods(route.Method). Path(route.Pattern). Handler(route.Handler) if route.Middleware != nil { r.Use(route.Middleware) } } return r } func register(method, pattern string, handler http.HandlerFunc, middleware mux.MiddlewareFunc) { routes = append(routes, Route{method, pattern, handler, middleware}) }
重构后的 app.go
package mainimport ( "net/http" "github.com/coderminer/restful/routes")func main() { r := routes.NewRouter() http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r) }
Models
创建
models
文件夹和对应的文件db.go
(数据层),封装对MongoDB
的封装
package models import ( "log" "github.com/globalsign/mgo")const ( host = "127.0.0.1:27017" source = "admin" user = "user" pass = "123456")var globalS *mgo.Session func init() { dialInfo := &mgo.DialInfo{ Addrs: []string{host}, Source: source, Username: user, Password: pass, } s, err := mgo.DialWithInfo(dialInfo) if err != nil { log.Fatalln("create session error ", err) } globalS = s } func connect(db, collection string) (*mgo.Session, *mgo.Collection) { s := globalS.Copy() c := s.DB(db).C(collection) return s, c } func Insert(db, collection string, docs ...interface{}) error { ms, c := connect(db, collection) defer ms.Close() return c.Insert(docs...) } func FindOne(db, collection string, query, selector, result interface{}) error { ms, c := connect(db, collection) defer ms.Close() return c.Find(query).Select(selector).One(result) } func FindAll(db, collection string, query, selector, result interface{}) error { ms, c := connect(db, collection) defer ms.Close() return c.Find(query).Select(selector).All(result) } func Update(db, collection string, query, update interface{}) error { ms, c := connect(db, collection) defer ms.Close() return c.Update(query, update) } func Remove(db, collection string, query interface{}) error { ms, c := connect(db, collection) defer ms.Close() return c.Remove(query) }
业务逻辑层
models/movies.go
package modelsimport "github.com/globalsign/mgo/bson"type Movies struct { Id bson.ObjectId `bson:"_id" json:"id"` Name string `bson:"name" json:"name"` CoverImage string `bson:"cover_image" json:"cover_image"` Description string `bson:"description" json:"description"` }const ( db = "Movies" collection = "MovieModel") func (m *Movies) InsertMovie(movie Movies) error { return Insert(db, collection, movie) } func (m *Movies) FindAllMovies() ([]Movies, error) { var result []Movies err := FindAll(db, collection, nil, nil, &result) return result, err } func (m *Movies) FindMovieById(id string) (Movies, error) { var result Movies err := FindOne(db, collection, bson.M{"_id": bson.ObjectIdHex(id)}, nil, &result) return result, err } func (m *Movies) UpdateMovie(movie Movies) error { return Update(db, collection, bson.M{"_id": movie.Id}, movie) } func (m *Movies) RemoveMovie(id string) error { return Remove(db, collection, bson.M{"_id": bson.ObjectIdHex(id)}) }
控制器逻辑
CreateMovie
func CreateMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { defer r.Body.Close() var movie models.Movies if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&movie); err != nil { responseWithJson(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "Invalid request payload") return } movie.Id = bson.NewObjectId() if err := dao.InsertMovie(movie); err != nil { responseWithJson(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, err.Error()) return } responseWithJson(w, http.StatusCreated, movie) }
使用 Postman
或 curl
进行测试
AllMovies
func AllMovies(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { defer r.Body.Close() var movies []models.Movies movies, err := dao.FindAllMovies() if err != nil { responseWithJson(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, err.Error()) return } responseWithJson(w, http.StatusOK, movies) }
FindMovie
func FindMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { vars := mux.Vars(r) id := vars["id"] result, err := dao.FindMovieById(id) if err != nil { responseWithJson(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, err.Error()) return } responseWithJson(w, http.StatusOK, result) }
UpdateMovie
func UpdateMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { defer r.Body.Close() var params models.Movies if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(¶ms); err != nil { responseWithJson(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "Invalid request payload") return } if err := dao.UpdateMovie(params); err != nil { responseWithJson(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, err.Error()) return } responseWithJson(w, http.StatusOK, map[string]string{"result": "success"}) }
DeleteMovie
func DeleteMovie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { vars := mux.Vars(r) id := vars["id"] if err := dao.RemoveMovie(id); err != nil { responseWithJson(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "Invalid request payload") return } responseWithJson(w, http.StatusOK, map[string]string{"result": "success"}) }
作者:CoderMiner
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/a2f067cd49b3