很多时候,我们需要创建一个接口项目用来数据调转,其中不包含任何业务逻辑,比如我们公司。这时我们就需要实现一个具有Restful API的接口项目。
本文介绍springboot使用swagger2实现Restful API。
本项目使用mysql+jpa+swagger2。
首先pom中加入swagger2,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.dalaoyang</groupId> <artifactId>springboot_swagger2</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>springboot_swagger2</name> <description>springboot_swagger2</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
接下来是配置文件,和整合jpa一样。代码如下:
##端口号 server.port=8888 ##数据库配置 ##数据库地址 spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false ##数据库用户名 spring.datasource.username=root ##数据库密码 spring.datasource.password=root ##数据库驱动 spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
创建一个swagger2配置类,简单解释一下,@Configuration注解让spring来加载配置,@EnableSwagger2开启swagger2。
package com.dalaoyang.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder; import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors; import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors; import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo; import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; /** * @author dalaoyang * @Description * @project springboot_learn * @package com.dalaoyang.config * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn * @date 2018/4/9 */ @Configuration @EnableSwagger2 public class Swagger2Config { @Bean public Docket createRestApi() { return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .apiInfo(apiInfo()) .select() .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.dalaoyang.swagger")) .paths(PathSelectors.any()) .build(); } private ApiInfo apiInfo() { return new ApiInfoBuilder() .title("使用Swagger2构建RESTful APIs") .description("关注博主博客:https://www.dalaoyang.cn/") .termsOfServiceUrl("https://www.dalaoyang.cn/") .contact("dalaoyang") .version("1.0") .build(); } }
创建一个user类作为model
package com.dalaoyang.model; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull; /** * @author dalaoyang * @Description * @project springboot_learn * @package com.dalaoyang.model * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn * @date 2018/4/9 */ @Entity @ApiModel(description = "user") public class User { @ApiModelProperty(value = "主键id",hidden = true) @GeneratedValue @Id int id; @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户名称") @NotNull @Column String userName; @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户密码") @Column String userPassword; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getUserPassword() { return userPassword; } public void setUserPassword(String userPassword) { this.userPassword = userPassword; } public User(int id, String userName, String userPassword) { this.id=id; this.userName = userName; this.userPassword = userPassword; } public User(String userName, String userPassword) { this.userName = userName; this.userPassword = userPassword; } public User() { } }
jpa数据操作类UserRepository
package com.dalaoyang.repository; import com.dalaoyang.model.User; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; /** * @author dalaoyang * @Description * @project springboot_learn * @package com.dalaoyang.repository * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn * @date 2018/4/9 */ public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> { User findById(int id); }
然后添加文档内容,其实和写controller一样,只不过方法和参数中间穿插一些注解。
package com.dalaoyang.swagger; import com.dalaoyang.model.User; import com.dalaoyang.repository.UserRepository; import io.swagger.annotations.*; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.List; /** * @author dalaoyang * @Description * @project springboot_learn * @package com.dalaoyang.swagger * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn * @date 2018/4/9 */ @RestController @RequestMapping(value="/users") @Api(value="用户操作接口",tags={"用户操作接口"}) public class UserSwagger { @Autowired UserRepository userRepository; @ApiOperation(value="获取用户详细信息", notes="根据用户的id来获取用户详细信息") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true,paramType = "query", dataType = "Integer") @GetMapping(value="/findById") public User findById(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id){ User user = userRepository.findById(id); return user; } @ApiOperation(value="获取用户列表", notes="获取用户列表") @GetMapping(value="/getUserList") public List getUserList(){ return userRepository.findAll(); } @ApiOperation(value="保存用户", notes="保存用户") @PostMapping(value="/saveUser") public String saveUser(@RequestBody @ApiParam(name="用户对象",value="传入json格式",required=true) User user){ userRepository.save(user); return "success!"; } @ApiOperation(value="修改用户", notes="修改用户") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name="id",value="主键id",required=true,paramType="query",dataType="Integer"), @ApiImplicitParam(name="username",value="用户名称",required=true,paramType="query",dataType = "String"), @ApiImplicitParam(name="password",value="用户密码",required=true,paramType="query",dataType = "String") }) @GetMapping(value="/updateUser") public String updateUser(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id,@RequestParam(value = "username")String username, @RequestParam(value = "password")String password){ User user = new User(id, username, password); userRepository.save(user); return "success!"; } @ApiOperation(value="删除用户", notes="根据用户的id来删除用户") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true,paramType = "query", dataType = "Integer") @DeleteMapping(value="/deleteUserById") public String deleteUserById(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id){ User user = userRepository.findById(id); userRepository.delete(user); return "success!"; } }
启动项目,访问http://localhost:8888/swagger-ui.html,可以看到如下图
为了方便大家学习观看,我分别用了几种不同的方法写,
1.删除用户,代码如下
@ApiOperation(value="删除用户", notes="根据用户的id来删除用户")
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true,paramType = "query", dataType = "Integer")
@DeleteMapping(value="/deleteUserById")
public String deleteUserById(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id){
User user = userRepository.findById(id);
userRepository.delete(user);
return "success!";
}
2.获取用户详细信息
@ApiOperation(value="获取用户详细信息", notes="根据用户的id来获取用户详细信息") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true,paramType = "query", dataType = "Integer") @GetMapping(value="/findById") public User findById(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id){ User user = userRepository.findById(id); return user; }
3.获取用户列表
@ApiOperation(value="获取用户列表", notes="获取用户列表") @GetMapping(value="/getUserList") public List getUserList(){ return userRepository.findAll(); }
4.保存用户
@ApiOperation(value="保存用户", notes="保存用户") @PostMapping(value="/saveUser") public String saveUser(@RequestBody @ApiParam(name="用户对象",value="传入json格式",required=true) User user){ userRepository.save(user); return "success!"; }
5.修改用户
@ApiOperation(value="修改用户", notes="修改用户") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name="id",value="主键id",required=true,paramType="query",dataType="Integer"), @ApiImplicitParam(name="username",value="用户名称",required=true,paramType="query",dataType = "String"), @ApiImplicitParam(name="password",value="用户密码",required=true,paramType="query",dataType = "String") }) @PutMapping(value="/updateUser") public String updateUser(@RequestParam(value = "id")int id,@RequestParam(value = "username")String username, @RequestParam(value = "password")String password){ User user = new User(id, username, password); userRepository.save(user); return "success!"; }
然后给大家分享一下我之前学习时记录在有道云笔记的关于swagger2的使用说明,原创作者是谁,我也记不清了。如果原创作者看到的话,可以私聊我,我给您的名字加上,抱歉。
@Api:用在请求的类上,表示对类的说明 tags="说明该类的作用,可以在UI界面上看到的注解" value="该参数没什么意义,在UI界面上也看到,所以不需要配置" 示例: @Api(tags="APP用户注册Controller") @ApiOperation:用在请求的方法上,说明方法的用途、作用 value="说明方法的用途、作用" notes="方法的备注说明" 示例: @ApiOperation(value="用户注册",notes="手机号、密码都是必输项,年龄随边填,但必须是数字") @ApiImplicitParams:用在请求的方法上,表示一组参数说明 @ApiImplicitParam:用在@ApiImplicitParams注解中,指定一个请求参数的各个方面 name:参数名 value:参数的汉字说明、解释 required:参数是否必须传 paramType:参数放在哪个地方 · header --> 请求参数的获取:@RequestHeader · query --> 请求参数的获取:@RequestParam · path(用于restful接口)--> 请求参数的获取:@PathVariable · body(不常用) · form(不常用) dataType:参数类型,默认String,其它值dataType="Integer" defaultValue:参数的默认值 示例: @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name="mobile",value="手机号",required=true,paramType="form"), @ApiImplicitParam(name="password",value="密码",required=true,paramType="form"), @ApiImplicitParam(name="age",value="年龄",required=true,paramType="form",dataType="Integer") }) @ApiResponses:用在请求的方法上,表示一组响应 @ApiResponse:用在@ApiResponses中,一般用于表达一个错误的响应信息 code:数字,例如400 message:信息,例如"请求参数没填好" response:抛出异常的类 @ApiOperation(value = "select1请求",notes = "多个参数,多种的查询参数类型") @ApiResponses({ @ApiResponse(code=400,message="请求参数没填好"), @ApiResponse(code=404,message="请求路径没有或页面跳转路径不对") }) @ApiModel:用于响应类上,表示一个返回响应数据的信息 (这种一般用在post创建的时候,使用@RequestBody这样的场景, 请求参数无法使用@ApiImplicitParam注解进行描述的时候) @ApiModelProperty:用在属性上,描述响应类的属性 示例: import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty; import java.io.Serializable; @ApiModel(description= "返回响应数据") public class RestMessage implements Serializable{ @ApiModelProperty(value = "是否成功") private boolean success=true; @ApiModelProperty(value = "返回对象") private Object data; @ApiModelProperty(value = "错误编号") private Integer errCode; @ApiModelProperty(value = "错误信息") private String message; } POST请求传入对象 示例: @ApiOperation(value="保存用户", notes="保存用户") @RequestMapping(value="/saveUser", method= RequestMethod.POST) public String saveUser(@RequestBody @ApiParam(name="用户对象",value="传入json格式",required=true) User user){ userDao.save(user); return "success!"; }