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Lombok详解

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1. Lombok简介

官网地址:https://projectlombok.org/

Lombok项目是一个Java库,它会自动插入您的编辑器和构建工具中,从而为你优化Java代码。
所以可以不用再手写一个getter、setter或equals方法。

2. 变量使用介绍

2.1 val修饰变量

可以使用val作为局部变量声明的类型,而不用实际编写该类型。
当您执行此操作时,将从初始值设定项表达式中推断出类型。
局部变量也将成为final类型的变量。
此功能仅适用于局部变量和foreach循环,不适用于字段。 

val实际上是某种“类型”,在lombok包中作为真实类存在。    

使用lombok方式:


import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import lombok.val;

public class ValExample {
  public String example() {
    val example = new ArrayList<String>();
    example.add("Hello, World!");
    val foo = example.get(0);
    return foo.toLowerCase();
  }
  
  public void example2() {
    val map = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
    map.put(0, "zero");
    map.put(5, "five");
    for (val entry : map.entrySet()) {
      System.out.printf("%d: %s\n", entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
    }
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class ValExample {
  public String example() {
    final ArrayList<String> example = new ArrayList<String>();
    example.add("Hello, World!");
    final String foo = example.get(0);
    return foo.toLowerCase();
  }
  
  public void example2() {
    final HashMap<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
    map.put(0, "zero");
    map.put(5, "five");
    for (final Map.Entry<Integer, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
      System.out.printf("%d: %s\n", entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
    }
  }
}

2.2 var修饰变量

var的工作原理与val完全相同,只是局部变量未标记为final

使用lombok方式:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import lombok.var;

public class VarExample {
  public String example() {
    var example = new ArrayList<String>();
    example.add("Hello, World!");
    var foo = example.get(0);
    return foo.toLowerCase();
  }
  
  public void example2() {
    var map = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
    map.put(0, "zero");
    map.put(5, "five");
    for (var entry : map.entrySet()) {
      System.out.printf("%d: %s\n", entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
    }
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class VarExample
{
  public String example() {
    ArrayList<String> example = new ArrayList<String>();
    example.add("Hello, World!");
    String foo = (String)example.get(0);
    return foo.toLowerCase();
  }
  
  public void example2() {
    HashMap<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
    map.put(Integer.valueOf(0), "zero");
    map.put(Integer.valueOf(5), "five");
    for (Map.Entry<Integer, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
      System.out.printf("%d: %s\n", new Object[] { entry.getKey(), entry.getValue() });
    } 
  }

3. 注解使用介绍

3.1 @NonNull使用

可以在方法或构造器的参数上使用 @NonNull,lombok会为你生成一个空值检查的声明。
相当于=if (param == null) {
        throw new NullPointerException("param is marked @NonNull but is null");
    }    

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.NonNull;

public class NonNullExample  {
  private String name;
  
  public NonNullExample(@NonNull String person) {
    this.name = person;
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

import lombok.NonNull;

public class NonNullExample {
  public NonNullExample(@NonNull String person) {
    if (person == null) throw new NullPointerException("person is marked non-null but is null"); 
    this.name = person;
  }
  
  private String name;
}

3.2 @Cleanup使用

您可以使用@Cleanup来确保在代码执行路径退出当前作用域之前自动清除给定的资源。
其实就是关闭注解标注的当前资源。【简单了解一下就行,一般也用不上】

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.Cleanup;
import java.io.*;

public class CleanupExample {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    @Cleanup InputStream in = new FileInputStream(args[0]);
    @Cleanup OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(args[1]);
    byte[] b = new byte[10000];
    while (true) {
      int r = in.read(b);
      if (r == -1) break;
      out.write(b, 0, r);
    }
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

import java.io.*;

public class CleanupExample {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    InputStream in = new FileInputStream(args[0]);
    try {
      OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(args[1]);
      try {
        byte[] b = new byte[10000];
        while (true) {
          int r = in.read(b);
          if (r == -1) break;
          out.write(b, 0, r);
        }
      } finally {
        if (out != null) {
          out.close();
        }
      }
    } finally {
      if (in != null) {
        in.close();
      }
    }
  }
}

3.3 @Getter and @Setter

可以使用@Getter@Setter标注任何字段,lombok 可以帮助你自动生成默认的get、set方法。
默认的get、set方法是public的,除非你额外设置AccessLevel    

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

public class GetterSetterExample {
  /**
   * Age of the person. Water is wet.
   * 
   * @param age New value for this person's age. Sky is blue.
   * @return The current value of this person's age. Circles are round.
   */
  @Getter @Setter private int age = 10;
  
  /**
   * Name of the person.
   * -- SETTER --
   * Changes the name of this person.
   * 
   * @param name The new value.
   */
  @Setter(AccessLevel.PROTECTED) private String name;
  
  @Override public String toString() {
    return String.format("%s (age: %d)", name, age);
  }
}

编译成Java方式:


public class GetterSetterExample {
  /**
   * Age of the person. Water is wet.
   */
  private int age = 10;

  /**
   * Name of the person.
   */
  private String name;
  
  @Override public String toString() {
    return String.format("%s (age: %d)", name, age);
  }
  
  /**
   * Age of the person. Water is wet.
   *
   * @return The current value of this person's age. Circles are round.
   */
  public int getAge() {
    return age;
  }
  
  /**
   * Age of the person. Water is wet.
   *
   * @param age New value for this person's age. Sky is blue.
   */
  public void setAge(int age) {
    this.age = age;
  }
  
  /**
   * Changes the name of this person.
   *
   * @param name The new value.
   */
  protected void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
}

3.4 @ToString使用

任何类的定义上都可以被@ToString标注,lombok可以生成一个toString()的实现方法。
默认打印类名以及每个字段并且用逗号分隔。    

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.ToString;

@ToString
public class ToStringExample {
  private static final int STATIC_VAR = 10;
  private String name;
  private Shape shape = new Square(5, 10);
  private String[] tags;
  @ToString.Exclude private int id;
  
  public String getName() {
    return this.name;
  }
  
  @ToString(callSuper=true, includeFieldNames=true)
  public static class Square extends Shape {
    private final int width, height;
    
    public Square(int width, int height) {
      this.width = width;
      this.height = height;
    }
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

import java.util.Arrays;

public class ToStringExample {
  private static final int STATIC_VAR = 10;
  private String name;
  private Shape shape = new Square(5, 10);
  private String[] tags;
  private int id;
  
  public String getName() {
    return this.name;
  }
  
  public static class Square extends Shape {
    private final int width, height;
    
    public Square(int width, int height) {
      this.width = width;
      this.height = height;
    }
    
    @Override public String toString() {
      return "Square(super=" + super.toString() + ", width=" + this.width + ", height=" + this.height + ")";
    }
  }
  
  @Override public String toString() {
    return "ToStringExample(" + this.getName() + ", " + this.shape + ", " + Arrays.deepToString(this.tags) + ")";
  }
}

3.5 @EqualsAndHashCode

任何类的定义上都可以被@EqualsAndHashCode标注,lombok可以生成一个equals(Object other)hashCode()的实现方法。
它将使用所有非静态,非瞬态字段,但是您可以通过使用@ EqualsAndHashCode.Include或@EqualsAndHashCode标记类型成员来修改使用的字段。

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;

@EqualsAndHashCode
public class EqualsAndHashCodeExample {
  private transient int transientVar = 10;
  private String name;
  private double score;
  @EqualsAndHashCode.Exclude private Shape shape = new Square(5, 10);
  private String[] tags;
  @EqualsAndHashCode.Exclude private int id;
  
  public String getName() {
    return this.name;
  }
  
  @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper=true)
  public static class Square extends Shape {
    private final int width, height;
    
    public Square(int width, int height) {
      this.width = width;
      this.height = height;
    }
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

import java.util.Arrays;

public class EqualsAndHashCodeExample {
  private transient int transientVar = 10;
  private String name;
  private double score;
  private Shape shape = new Square(5, 10);
  private String[] tags;
  private int id;
  
  public String getName() {
    return this.name;
  }
  
  @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
    if (o == this) return true;
    if (!(o instanceof EqualsAndHashCodeExample)) return false;
    EqualsAndHashCodeExample other = (EqualsAndHashCodeExample) o;
    if (!other.canEqual((Object)this)) return false;
    if (this.getName() == null ? other.getName() != null : !this.getName().equals(other.getName())) return false;
    if (Double.compare(this.score, other.score) != 0) return false;
    if (!Arrays.deepEquals(this.tags, other.tags)) return false;
    return true;
  }
  
  @Override public int hashCode() {
    final int PRIME = 59;
    int result = 1;
    final long temp1 = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.score);
    result = (result*PRIME) + (this.name == null ? 43 : this.name.hashCode());
    result = (result*PRIME) + (int)(temp1 ^ (temp1 >>> 32));
    result = (result*PRIME) + Arrays.deepHashCode(this.tags);
    return result;
  }
  
  protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
    return other instanceof EqualsAndHashCodeExample;
  }
  
  public static class Square extends Shape {
    private final int width, height;
    
    public Square(int width, int height) {
      this.width = width;
      this.height = height;
    }
    
    @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
      if (o == this) return true;
      if (!(o instanceof Square)) return false;
      Square other = (Square) o;
      if (!other.canEqual((Object)this)) return false;
      if (!super.equals(o)) return false;
      if (this.width != other.width) return false;
      if (this.height != other.height) return false;
      return true;
    }
    
    @Override public int hashCode() {
      final int PRIME = 59;
      int result = 1;
      result = (result*PRIME) + super.hashCode();
      result = (result*PRIME) + this.width;
      result = (result*PRIME) + this.height;
      return result;
    }
    
    protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
      return other instanceof Square;
    }
  }
}

3.6 @NoArgsConstructor、@RequiredArgsConstructor、 @AllArgsConstructor

这组3个注释会生成一个构造函数,该构造函数将为某些字段接受1个参数,并将该参数简单地分配给该字段。
@NoArgsConstructor 将生成没有参数的构造器;
@RequiredArgsConstructor 为需要特殊处理的每个字段生成一个带有1个参数的构造函数;
@AllArgsConstructor 为类中的每个字段生成一个带有1个参数的构造函数。    

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.NonNull;

@RequiredArgsConstructor(staticName = "of")
@AllArgsConstructor(access = AccessLevel.PROTECTED)
public class ConstructorExample<T> {
  private int x, y;
  @NonNull private T description;
  
  @NoArgsConstructor
  public static class NoArgsExample {
    @NonNull private String field;
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

public class ConstructorExample<T> {
  private int x, y;
  @NonNull private T description;
  
  private ConstructorExample(T description) {
    if (description == null) throw new NullPointerException("description");
    this.description = description;
  }
  
  public static <T> ConstructorExample<T> of(T description) {
    return new ConstructorExample<T>(description);
  }
  
  @java.beans.ConstructorProperties({"x", "y", "description"})
  protected ConstructorExample(int x, int y, T description) {
    if (description == null) throw new NullPointerException("description");
    this.x = x;
    this.y = y;
    this.description = description;
  }
  
  public static class NoArgsExample {
    @NonNull private String field;
    
    public NoArgsExample() {
    }
  }
}

3.7 @Data使用

@Data是一个方便的快捷方式注释,它将@ ToString,@ EqualsAndHashCode,@ Getter / @Setter@RequiredArgsConstructor的功能捆绑在一起.

使用lombok方式:


import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.ToString;

@Data public class DataExample {
  private final String name;
  @Setter(AccessLevel.PACKAGE) private int age;
  private double score;
  private String[] tags;
  
  @ToString(includeFieldNames=true)
  @Data(staticConstructor="of")
  public static class Exercise<T> {
    private final String name;
    private final T value;
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

import java.util.Arrays;

public class DataExample {
  private final String name;
  private int age;
  private double score;
  private String[] tags;
  
  public DataExample(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  
  public String getName() {
    return this.name;
  }
  
  void setAge(int age) {
    this.age = age;
  }
  
  public int getAge() {
    return this.age;
  }
  
  public void setScore(double score) {
    this.score = score;
  }
  
  public double getScore() {
    return this.score;
  }
  
  public String[] getTags() {
    return this.tags;
  }
  
  public void setTags(String[] tags) {
    this.tags = tags;
  }
  
  @Override public String toString() {
    return "DataExample(" + this.getName() + ", " + this.getAge() + ", " + this.getScore() + ", " + Arrays.deepToString(this.getTags()) + ")";
  }
  
  protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
    return other instanceof DataExample;
  }
  
  @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
    if (o == this) return true;
    if (!(o instanceof DataExample)) return false;
    DataExample other = (DataExample) o;
    if (!other.canEqual((Object)this)) return false;
    if (this.getName() == null ? other.getName() != null : !this.getName().equals(other.getName())) return false;
    if (this.getAge() != other.getAge()) return false;
    if (Double.compare(this.getScore(), other.getScore()) != 0) return false;
    if (!Arrays.deepEquals(this.getTags(), other.getTags())) return false;
    return true;
  }
  
  @Override public int hashCode() {
    final int PRIME = 59;
    int result = 1;
    final long temp1 = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.getScore());
    result = (result*PRIME) + (this.getName() == null ? 43 : this.getName().hashCode());
    result = (result*PRIME) + this.getAge();
    result = (result*PRIME) + (int)(temp1 ^ (temp1 >>> 32));
    result = (result*PRIME) + Arrays.deepHashCode(this.getTags());
    return result;
  }
  
  public static class Exercise<T> {
    private final String name;
    private final T value;
    
    private Exercise(String name, T value) {
      this.name = name;
      this.value = value;
    }
    
    public static <T> Exercise<T> of(String name, T value) {
      return new Exercise<T>(name, value);
    }
    
    public String getName() {
      return this.name;
    }
    
    public T getValue() {
      return this.value;
    }
    
    @Override public String toString() {
      return "Exercise(name=" + this.getName() + ", value=" + this.getValue() + ")";
    }
    
    protected boolean canEqual(Object other) {
      return other instanceof Exercise;
    }
    
    @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
      if (o == this) return true;
      if (!(o instanceof Exercise)) return false;
      Exercise<?> other = (Exercise<?>) o;
      if (!other.canEqual((Object)this)) return false;
      if (this.getName() == null ? other.getValue() != null : !this.getName().equals(other.getName())) return false;
      if (this.getValue() == null ? other.getValue() != null : !this.getValue().equals(other.getValue())) return false;
      return true;
    }
    
    @Override public int hashCode() {
      final int PRIME = 59;
      int result = 1;
      result = (result*PRIME) + (this.getName() == null ? 43 : this.getName().hashCode());
      result = (result*PRIME) + (this.getValue() == null ? 43 : this.getValue().hashCode());
      return result;
    }
  }
}

3.8 @Value使用

@Value@Data的不可变形式; 默认情况下,所有字段都设为私有和final的字段,并且不会生成setter。

使用lombok方式:


import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.experimental.NonFinal;
import lombok.experimental.Value;
import lombok.experimental.Wither;
import lombok.ToString;

@Value public class ValueExample {
  String name;
  @Wither(AccessLevel.PACKAGE) @NonFinal int age;
  double score;
  protected String[] tags;
  
  @ToString(includeFieldNames=true)
  @Value(staticConstructor="of")
  public static class Exercise<T> {
    String name;
    T value;
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

import java.util.Arrays;

public final class ValueExample {
  private final String name;
  private int age;
  private final double score;
  protected final String[] tags;
  
  @java.beans.ConstructorProperties({"name", "age", "score", "tags"})
  public ValueExample(String name, int age, double score, String[] tags) {
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    this.score = score;
    this.tags = tags;
  }
  
  public String getName() {
    return this.name;
  }
  
  public int getAge() {
    return this.age;
  }
  
  public double getScore() {
    return this.score;
  }
  
  public String[] getTags() {
    return this.tags;
  }
  
  @java.lang.Override
  public boolean equals(Object o) {
    if (o == this) return true;
    if (!(o instanceof ValueExample)) return false;
    final ValueExample other = (ValueExample)o;
    final Object this$name = this.getName();
    final Object other$name = other.getName();
    if (this$name == null ? other$name != null : !this$name.equals(other$name)) return false;
    if (this.getAge() != other.getAge()) return false;
    if (Double.compare(this.getScore(), other.getScore()) != 0) return false;
    if (!Arrays.deepEquals(this.getTags(), other.getTags())) return false;
    return true;
  }
  
  @java.lang.Override
  public int hashCode() {
    final int PRIME = 59;
    int result = 1;
    final Object $name = this.getName();
    result = result * PRIME + ($name == null ? 43 : $name.hashCode());
    result = result * PRIME + this.getAge();
    final long $score = Double.doubleToLongBits(this.getScore());
    result = result * PRIME + (int)($score >>> 32 ^ $score);
    result = result * PRIME + Arrays.deepHashCode(this.getTags());
    return result;
  }
  
  @java.lang.Override
  public String toString() {
    return "ValueExample(name=" + getName() + ", age=" + getAge() + ", score=" + getScore() + ", tags=" + Arrays.deepToString(getTags()) + ")";
  }
  
  ValueExample withAge(int age) {
    return this.age == age ? this : new ValueExample(name, age, score, tags);
  }
  
  public static final class Exercise<T> {
    private final String name;
    private final T value;
    
    private Exercise(String name, T value) {
      this.name = name;
      this.value = value;
    }
    
    public static <T> Exercise<T> of(String name, T value) {
      return new Exercise<T>(name, value);
    }
    
    public String getName() {
      return this.name;
    }
    
    public T getValue() {
      return this.value;
    }
    
    @java.lang.Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
      if (o == this) return true;
      if (!(o instanceof ValueExample.Exercise)) return false;
      final Exercise<?> other = (Exercise<?>)o;
      final Object this$name = this.getName();
      final Object other$name = other.getName();
      if (this$name == null ? other$name != null : !this$name.equals(other$name)) return false;
      final Object this$value = this.getValue();
      final Object other$value = other.getValue();
      if (this$value == null ? other$value != null : !this$value.equals(other$value)) return false;
      return true;
    }
    
    @java.lang.Override
    public int hashCode() {
      final int PRIME = 59;
      int result = 1;
      final Object $name = this.getName();
      result = result * PRIME + ($name == null ? 43 : $name.hashCode());
      final Object $value = this.getValue();
      result = result * PRIME + ($value == null ? 43 : $value.hashCode());
      return result;
    }
    
    @java.lang.Override
    public String toString() {
      return "ValueExample.Exercise(name=" + getName() + ", value=" + getValue() + ")";
    }
  }
}

3.9 @Builder使用

@Builder注释会为您的类生成复杂的构建器API。
@Builder可自动生成使你的类可被实例化的代码。   

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Singular;
import java.util.Set;

@Builder
public class BuilderExample {
  @Builder.Default private long created = System.currentTimeMillis();
  private String name;
  private int age;
  @Singular private Set<String> occupations;
}

编译成Java方式:

import java.util.Set;

public class BuilderExample {
  private long created;
  private String name;
  private int age;
  private Set<String> occupations;
  
  BuilderExample(String name, int age, Set<String> occupations) {
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    this.occupations = occupations;
  }
  
  private static long $default$created() {
    return System.currentTimeMillis();
  }
  
  public static BuilderExampleBuilder builder() {
    return new BuilderExampleBuilder();
  }
  
  public static class BuilderExampleBuilder {
    private long created;
    private boolean created$set;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private java.util.ArrayList<String> occupations;
    
    BuilderExampleBuilder() {
    }
    
    public BuilderExampleBuilder created(long created) {
      this.created = created;
      this.created$set = true;
      return this;
    }
    
    public BuilderExampleBuilder name(String name) {
      this.name = name;
      return this;
    }
    
    public BuilderExampleBuilder age(int age) {
      this.age = age;
      return this;
    }
    
    public BuilderExampleBuilder occupation(String occupation) {
      if (this.occupations == null) {
        this.occupations = new java.util.ArrayList<String>();
      }
      
      this.occupations.add(occupation);
      return this;
    }
    
    public BuilderExampleBuilder occupations(Collection<? extends String> occupations) {
      if (this.occupations == null) {
        this.occupations = new java.util.ArrayList<String>();
      }

      this.occupations.addAll(occupations);
      return this;
    }
    
    public BuilderExampleBuilder clearOccupations() {
      if (this.occupations != null) {
        this.occupations.clear();
      }
      
      return this;
    }

    public BuilderExample build() {
      // complicated switch statement to produce a compact properly sized immutable set omitted.
      Set<String> occupations = ...;
      return new BuilderExample(created$set ? created : BuilderExample.$default$created(), name, age, occupations);
    }
    
    @java.lang.Override
    public String toString() {
      return "BuilderExample.BuilderExampleBuilder(created = " + this.created + ", name = " + this.name + ", age = " + this.age + ", occupations = " + this.occupations + ")";
    }
  }
}

3.10 @SneakyThrows

@SneakyThrows可用于偷偷地抛出已检查的异常,而无需在方法的throws子句中实际声明。

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.SneakyThrows;

public class SneakyThrowsExample implements Runnable {
  @SneakyThrows(UnsupportedEncodingException.class)
  public String utf8ToString(byte[] bytes) {
    return new String(bytes, "UTF-8");
  }
  
  @SneakyThrows
  public void run() {
    throw new Throwable();
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

import lombok.Lombok;

public class SneakyThrowsExample implements Runnable {
  public String utf8ToString(byte[] bytes) {
    try {
      return new String(bytes, "UTF-8");
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
      throw Lombok.sneakyThrow(e);
    }
  }
  
  public void run() {
    try {
      throw new Throwable();
    } catch (Throwable t) {
      throw Lombok.sneakyThrow(t);
    }
  }
}

3.11 @Synchronized使用

@Synchronized是同步方法修饰符的更安全的变体。
与同步一样,注释只能在静态和实例方法上使用。 它的操作类似于synchronized关键字,但是它锁定在不同的对象上    

使用lombok方式:


import lombok.Synchronized;

public class SynchronizedExample {
  private final Object readLock = new Object();
  
  @Synchronized
  public static void hello() {
    System.out.println("world");
  }
  
  @Synchronized
  public int answerToLife() {
    return 42;
  }
  
  @Synchronized("readLock")
  public void foo() {
    System.out.println("bar");
  }
}

编译成Java方式:


public class SynchronizedExample {
  private static final Object $LOCK = new Object[0];
  private final Object $lock = new Object[0];
  private final Object readLock = new Object();
  
  public static void hello() {
    synchronized($LOCK) {
      System.out.println("world");
    }
  }
  
  public int answerToLife() {
    synchronized($lock) {
      return 42;
    }
  }
  
  public void foo() {
    synchronized(readLock) {
      System.out.println("bar");
    }
  }
}

3.12 @With 使用

The next best alternative to a setter for an immutable property is to construct a clone of the object, but with a new value for this one field. A method to generate this clone is precisely what @With generates: a withFieldName(newValue) method which produces a clone except for the new value for the associated field.

说实话没看明白这段话是什么意思,个人理解为:在类的字段上标注 @With 注解之后,将会自动生成一个 withFieldName(newValue) 的方法,该方法会基于 newValue 调用相应构造函数,创建一个当前类对应的实例。

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.NonNull;
import lombok.With;

public class WithExample {
  @With(AccessLevel.PROTECTED) @NonNull private final String name;
  @With private final int age;
  
  public WithExample(String name, int age) {
    if (name == null) throw new NullPointerException();
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
  }
}

编译成Java方式:


import lombok.NonNull;

public class WithExample {
  private @NonNull final String name;
  private final int age;

  public WithExample(String name, int age) {
    if (name == null) throw new NullPointerException();
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
  }

  protected WithExample withName(@NonNull String name) {
    if (name == null) throw new java.lang.NullPointerException("name");
    return this.name == name ? this : new WithExample(name, age);
  }

  public WithExample withAge(int age) {
    return this.age == age ? this : new WithExample(name, age);
  }
}

3.13 @Getter(lazy=true)

@Getter 注解支持一个 lazy 属性,该属性默认为 false。当设置为 true 时,会启用延迟初始化,即当首次调用 getter 方法时才进行初始化。

使用lombok方式:


import lombok.Getter;

public class GetterLazyExample {
  @Getter(lazy=true) private final double[] cached = expensive();
  
  private double[] expensive() {
    double[] result = new double[1000000];
    for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
      result[i] = Math.asin(i);
    }
    return result;
  }
}

编译成Java方式:

public class GetterLazyExample {
  private final java.util.concurrent.AtomicReference<java.lang.Object> cached = new java.util.concurrent.AtomicReference<java.lang.Object>();
  
  public double[] getCached() {
    java.lang.Object value = this.cached.get();
    if (value == null) {
      synchronized(this.cached) {
        value = this.cached.get();
        if (value == null) {
          final double[] actualValue = expensive();
          value = actualValue == null ? this.cached : actualValue;
          this.cached.set(value);
        }
      }
    }
    return (double[])(value == this.cached ? null : value);
  }
  
  private double[] expensive() {
    double[] result = new double[1000000];
    for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
      result[i] = Math.asin(i);
    }
    return result;
  }
}

3.14 @Accessors使用

@Accessors注释用于配置lombok如何生成和查找getter和setter。
默认情况下,lombok遵循针对getter和setter的bean规范:例如,名为Pepper的字段的getter是getPepper。 但是,有些人可能希望打破bean规范,以得到更好看的API。 @Accessors提供3种方式:
  fluent--》 一个布尔值。如果为真,pepper的getter就是 pepper(),setter方法就是pepper(T newValue)。并且,除非特别说明,chain默认为真。
  chain--》  一个布尔值。如果为真,产生的setter返回的this而不是void。默认是假。如果fluent=true,那么chain默认为真。 
  prefix--》 一系列string类型。如果显示,属性必须加上某些定义的前缀。    

使用lombok方式:

import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

@Accessors(fluent = true)
public class AccessorsExample {
  @Getter @Setter
  private int age = 10;
}

class PrefixExample {
  @Accessors(prefix = "f") @Getter
  private String fName = "Hello, World!";
}

编译成Java方式:


public class AccessorsExample {
  private int age = 10;
  
  public int age() {
    return this.age;
  }
  
  public AccessorsExample age(final int age) {
    this.age = age;
    return this;
  }
}

class PrefixExample {
  private String fName = "Hello, World!";
  
  public String getName() {
    return this.fName;
  }
}
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