现在的网站,很多都有需要动态更换主题风格的需求,比如每到特殊节日,更换为带有节日气氛的主题。还有用户通过手机端浏览器访问,如果没有做移动端的适配,你的网站基本也是没办法看的。本文介绍了使用Spring Mobile实现网站移动端适配及动态更换网站主题风格。
Spring Mobile简介
Spring Mobile可以检测出当前请求使用的设备是PC、还是手机或者是平板以及用户设备是安卓平台还是iOS平台,然后根据请求设备的不同,返回适合该设备的视图。
引入Spring Mobile
如果你的项目是基于Spring Boot构建的,只需在项目中引入Spring Mobile的starter即可:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mobile</artifactId></dependency>
上代码
本文使用的是Thymeleaf模板引擎,其它模板引擎原理也是一样的。application.properties文件中Thymeleaf模板引擎的配置如下:
# THYMELEAF spring.thymeleaf.cache=falsespring.thymeleaf.mode=LEGACYHTML5 spring.thymeleaf.check-template=truespring.thymeleaf.check-template-location=truespring.thymeleaf.content-type=text/html spring.thymeleaf.enabled=truespring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/ spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html
创建controller:
@Controllerpublic class TestController { @GetMapping("/test") public String test() { return "test"; } }
在/resources/templates目录下,新建default目录,用于存放PC端默认主题的视图。新建test.html文件:
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>test</title></head><body><h2>这里是【PC端测试页面】</h2></body></html>
在/resources/templates目录下,新建theme-blue目录,用于存放PC端蓝色主题的视图。新建test.html文件:
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>test</title></head><body><h2 style="color: deepskyblue">这里是【PC端测试页面-蓝色主题】</h2></body></html>
在/resources/templates目录下,新建mobile目录,用于存放移动端默认主题的视图。新建test.html文件:
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>test</title></head><body><h2>这里是【移动端测试页面】</h2></body></html>
在/resources/templates目录下,新建theme-mobile-blue目录,用于存放移动端蓝色主题的视图。新建test.html文件:
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>test</title></head><body><h2 style="color: deepskyblue">这里是【移动端测试页面-蓝色主题】</h2></body></html>
新建主题视图解析类ThemeViewResolver:
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.mobile.device.Device;import org.springframework.mobile.device.DeviceUtils;import org.springframework.mobile.device.util.ResolverUtils;import org.springframework.mobile.device.view.LiteDeviceDelegatingViewResolver;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestAttributes;import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;import org.thymeleaf.util.ClassLoaderUtils;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import java.net.URL;import java.util.Locale;@Componentpublic class ThemeViewResolver extends LiteDeviceDelegatingViewResolver { // PC端默认主题目录 private static final String DEFAULT_NORMAL_THEME = "default/"; // 手机端默认主题目录 private static final String DEFAULT_MOBILE_THEME = "mobile/"; // 平板端默认主题目录 private static final String DEFAULT_TABLET_THEME = "mobile/"; // PC端当前主题目录 private static final String CURRENT_NORMAL_THEME = "default/"; // 手机端当前主题目录 private static final String CURRENT_MOBILE_THEME = "mobile/"; // 平板端当前主题目录 private static final String CURRENT_TABLET_THEME = "mobile/"; @Value("${spring.thymeleaf.prefix}") private String thymeleafPrefix; @Value("${spring.thymeleaf.suffix}") private String thymeleafSuffix; public ThemeViewResolver(@Qualifier("thymeleafViewResolver") ViewResolver delegate) { super(delegate); } @PostConstruct public void init() { // 是否支持回退 // true表示如果找不到移动端视图,则使用PC端默认视图 this.setEnableFallback(true); this.setNormalPrefix(DEFAULT_NORMAL_THEME); this.setMobilePrefix(DEFAULT_MOBILE_THEME); this.setTabletPrefix(DEFAULT_TABLET_THEME); // 设置的优先级要比ThymeleafViewResolver高,要在ThymeleafViewResolver之前解析 this.setOrder(1); } /** * 检查当前请求使用的设备,然后根据请求设备的不同,返回适合该设备的视图名 */ @Override protected String getDeviceViewNameInternal(String viewName) { RequestAttributes attrs = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes(); HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) attrs).getRequest(); Device device = DeviceUtils.getCurrentDevice(request); String resolvedViewName = viewName; String currentTheme = this.getNormalPrefix(); if (ResolverUtils.isNormal(device, null)) { currentTheme = StringUtils.isNotEmpty(CURRENT_NORMAL_THEME) ? appendTrailingSlash(CURRENT_NORMAL_THEME) : this.getNormalPrefix(); resolvedViewName = currentTheme + viewName + this.getNormalSuffix(); } else if (ResolverUtils.isMobile(device, null)) { currentTheme = StringUtils.isNotEmpty(CURRENT_MOBILE_THEME) ? appendTrailingSlash(CURRENT_MOBILE_THEME) : this.getMobilePrefix(); resolvedViewName = currentTheme + viewName + this.getMobileSuffix(); } else if (ResolverUtils.isTablet(device, null)) { currentTheme = StringUtils.isNotEmpty(CURRENT_TABLET_THEME) ? appendTrailingSlash(CURRENT_TABLET_THEME) : this.getTabletPrefix(); resolvedViewName = currentTheme + viewName + this.getTabletSuffix(); } return this.stripTrailingSlash(resolvedViewName); } @Override public View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception { // 获取当前设备对应的视图名 String deviceViewName = this.getDeviceViewName(viewName); // 检查设备视图模板是否存在 boolean deviceViewExisted = checkViewExisted(deviceViewName); View view = null; if (this.getEnableFallback() && !deviceViewExisted) { // 启用回退功能 // 如果设备视图模板不存在,则返回PC端默认视图 String normalViewName = this.getNormalPrefix().concat(viewName).concat(this.getNormalSuffix()); view = this.getViewResolver().resolveViewName(normalViewName, locale); } else { view = this.getViewResolver().resolveViewName(deviceViewName, locale); } return view; } public boolean checkViewExisted(String viewName) { String prefix = thymeleafPrefix.replace("classpath:/", StringUtils.EMPTY); String fullPath = prefix.concat(viewName).concat(thymeleafSuffix); URL url = ClassLoaderUtils.getClassLoader(this.getClass()).getResource(fullPath); return url != null; } private String stripTrailingSlash(String viewName) { return viewName.endsWith("//") ? viewName.substring(0, viewName.length() - 1) : viewName; } private String appendTrailingSlash(String themeName) { return themeName.endsWith("/") ? themeName : themeName.concat("/"); } }
使用PC端访问:
使用移动端访问:
修改当前使用的主题为蓝色主题:
// PC端当前主题目录private static final String CURRENT_NORMAL_THEME = "theme-blue/";// 手机端当前主题目录private static final String CURRENT_MOBILE_THEME = "theme-mobile-blue/";// 平板端当前主题目录private static final String CURRENT_TABLET_THEME = "theme-mobile-blue/";
使用PC端访问:
使用移动端访问:
测试回退功能,删除theme-mobile-blue目录,因为找不到移动端蓝色主题视图,则回退使用PC端默认视图。
作者:jessehua
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/f9024eb3f252