基于前文对springcloud的浅谈,本文则借鉴springcloud config对微服务进行管中窥豹
前言
springcloud是基于springboot开发的,所以读者在阅读此文前最好已经了解了springboot的工作原理。本文将不阐述springboot的工作逻辑
ConfigServerApplication
spring-cloud-config-server模块的启动类,也是springcloud config作为服务端的入口类,优先看下其内部源码,简洁
@Configuration@EnableAutoConfiguration@EnableConfigServerpublic class ConfigServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { new SpringApplicationBuilder(ConfigServerApplication.class)
.properties("spring.config.name=configserver").run(args);
}
}相比我们常见的springboot启动类,多了一个注解@EnableConfigServer和采取SpringApplication帮助类来运行springcloud环境。
@EnableConfigServer注解的引入其实是引入了org.springframework.cloud.config.server.config.server.config.ConfigServerConfiguration类,此类无特殊,就是注册了一个Bean对象
class Marker {} @Bean
public Marker enableConfigServerMarker() { return new Marker();
}至于有什么用,还不知晓,继续往下探索把
SpringApplicationBuilder的使用方式就不深入分析了,就是帮助配置和调用SpringApplication,用了适配器的设计思想。此处讲述下其设置属性spring.config.name=configserver,根据springboot的工作方式,其会读取类环境下的名为configserver.yaml/configserver.properties/configserver.yml加载至环境变量中
Cloud Context
springboot cloud context在官方的文档中在第一点被提及,是用户ApplicationContext的父级上下文,称为BootstrapContext。根据springboot的加载机制,很多第三方以及重要的Configuration配置均是保存在了spring.factories文件中。笔者翻阅了spring-cloud-context模块下的对应文件,见如下
# AutoConfiguration org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\ org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.LifecycleMvcEndpointAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.RefreshAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.RefreshEndpointAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.WritableEnvironmentEndpointAutoConfiguration # Application Listeners org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener=\ org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener,\ org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.LoggingSystemShutdownListener,\ org.springframework.cloud.context.restart.RestartListener # Bootstrap components org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapConfiguration=\ org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.config.PropertySourceBootstrapConfiguration,\ org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.encrypt.EncryptionBootstrapConfiguration,\ org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration
涉及的比较多,笔者本文关注BootstrapApplicationListener监听器,其讲述了BootstrapContext是如何被加载以及加载的时机
BootstrapApplicationListener
按照顺序分析此监听器
1.优先看下其类结构
public class BootstrapApplicationListener
implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent>, Ordered {
}此监视器是用于响应ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent应用环境变量预初始化事件,表明BootstrapContext的加载时机在用户上下文之前。
2.接下来分析下其复写的方法onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent event)
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent event) { // 获取环境变量对象
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = event.getEnvironment(); // 读取spring.cloud.bootstrap.enabled环境属性,默认为true。可通过系统变量设置
if (!environment.getProperty("spring.cloud.bootstrap.enabled", Boolean.class, true)) { return;
} // don't listen to events in a bootstrap context
if (environment.getPropertySources().contains(BOOTSTRAP_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME)) { return;
} // 寻找当前环境是否已存在BootstrapContext
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
String configName = environment
.resolvePlaceholders("${spring.cloud.bootstrap.name:bootstrap}"); for (ApplicationContextInitializer<?> initializer : event.getSpringApplication()
.getInitializers()) { if (initializer instanceof ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer) {
context = findBootstrapContext(
(ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer) initializer,
configName);
}
} // 如果还没有被创建,则开始创建
if (context == null) {
context = bootstrapServiceContext(environment, event.getSpringApplication(),
configName); // 注册注销监听器
event.getSpringApplication().addListeners(new CloseContextOnFailureApplicationListener(context));
} // 加载BoostrapContext上的ApplicationContextInitializers到用户Context上
apply(context, event.getSpringApplication(), environment);
}逻辑很简单,笔者梳理下
spring.cloud.bootstrap.enabled 用于配置是否启用BootstrapContext,默认为true。可采取系统变量设定
spring.cloud.bootstrap.name 用于加载bootstrap对应配置文件的别名,默认为bootstrap
BootstrapContext上的beanType为ApplicationContextInitializer类型的bean对象集合会被注册至用户的Context上
3.重点看下BootstrapContext的创建过程,源码比较长,但笔者认为还是很有必要拿出来
/**
*
* create bootstrap context
*
* @param environment 全局Environment
* @param application 用户对应的Application
* @param configName bootstrapContext对应配置文件的加载名,默认为bootstrap
* @return bootstrapContext
*/
private ConfigurableApplicationContext bootstrapServiceContext(
ConfigurableEnvironment environment, final SpringApplication application,
String configName) { // create empty environment
StandardEnvironment bootstrapEnvironment = new StandardEnvironment();
MutablePropertySources bootstrapProperties = bootstrapEnvironment
.getPropertySources(); for (PropertySource<?> source : bootstrapProperties) {
bootstrapProperties.remove(source.getName());
} // 读取spring.cloud.bootstrap.location属性,一般通过系统变量设置,默认为空
String configLocation = environment
.resolvePlaceholders("${spring.cloud.bootstrap.location:}");
Map<String, Object> bootstrapMap = new HashMap<>();
bootstrapMap.put("spring.config.name", configName);
bootstrapMap.put("spring.main.web-application-type", "none"); // 加载bootstrapContext配置文件的路径,与spring.config.name搭配使用
if (StringUtils.hasText(configLocation)) {
bootstrapMap.put("spring.config.location", configLocation);
}
bootstrapProperties.addFirst( new MapPropertySource(BOOTSTRAP_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME, bootstrapMap)); for (PropertySource<?> source : environment.getPropertySources()) { if (source instanceof StubPropertySource) { continue;
}
bootstrapProperties.addLast(source);
} // use SpringApplicationBuilder to create bootstrapContext
SpringApplicationBuilder builder = new SpringApplicationBuilder() // 此处activeProfiles是通过系统变量设置的,此处稍微备注下
.profiles(environment.getActiveProfiles())
.bannerMode(Mode.OFF) // 应用bootstrap本身的环境变量
.environment(bootstrapEnvironment) // Don't use the default properties in this builder
.registerShutdownHook(false).logStartupInfo(false)
.web(WebApplicationType.NONE); final SpringApplication builderApplication = builder.application(); // 配置入口函数类
if (builderApplication.getMainApplicationClass() == null) {
builder.main(application.getMainApplicationClass());
}
if (environment.getPropertySources().contains("refreshArgs")) {
builderApplication
.setListeners(filterListeners(builderApplication.getListeners()));
} // 增加入口类BootstrapImportSelectorConfiguration
builder.sources(BootstrapImportSelectorConfiguration.class); // create
final ConfigurableApplicationContext context = builder.run(); // 设置bootstrapContext的别名为bootstrap
context.setId("bootstrap"); // 配置bootstrapContext为用户Context的父类
addAncestorInitializer(application, context); // 合并defaultProperties对应的变量至childEnvironment
bootstrapProperties.remove(BOOTSTRAP_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME);
mergeDefaultProperties(environment.getPropertySources(), bootstrapProperties); return context;
}此处也对上述的代码作下简单的小结
spring.cloud.bootstrap.location变量用于配置bootstrapContext配置文件的加载路径,可用System设置,默认则采取默认的文件搜寻路径;与spring.cloud.bootstrap.name搭配使用
bootstrapContext对应的activeProfiles可采用spring.active.profiles系统变量设置,注意是System变量
bootstrapContext的重要入口类为BootstrapImportSelectorConfiguration,此也是下文的分析重点
bootstrapContext的contextId为bootstrap,且其会被设置为用户Context的父类
用户Context的别名为defaultProperties对应的变量会被bootstrapContext对应合并覆盖
通过上述的代码均可以得知,bootstrapContext也是通过springboot常见的SpringApplication方式来创建的,但其肯定有特别的地方,特别之处就在BootstrapImportSelectorConfiguration类。
后记
由于继续分析会导致篇幅过长,遂片段式,这样有助于深入理解以及后期回顾。下文便会主要分析下bootstrapContext额外的特点。
作者:南柯问天 出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/question-sky/p/10245384.html 本文版权归本人和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接,否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
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