A brief introduction to Spark Authorizer

Spark Authorizer

Spark Authorizer provides you with SQL Standard Based Authorization for Apache Spark like SQL Standard Based Hive Authorization. While you are using Spark SQL or Dataset/DataFrame API to load data from tables embedded with Apache Hive metastore, this library provides row/column level fine-grained access controls with Apache Ranger.

Security is one of fundamental features for enterprise adoption. Apache Ranger offers many security plugins for many Hadoop ecosystem components, such as HDFS, Hive, HBase, Solr and Sqoop2. However, Apache Spark is not counted in yet.
When a secured HDFS cluster is used as a data warehouse accessed by various users and groups via different applications wrote by Spark and Hive,
it is very difficult to guarantee data management in a consistent way.  Apache Spark users visit data warehouse only with Storage based access controls offered by HDFS. This library shares Ranger Hive plugin with Hive to help Spark talking to Ranger Admin.

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Building Spark Authorizer

Spark Authorizer is built using Apache Maven. To build it, run:

git clone https://github.com/yaooqinn/spark-authorizer.gitcd spark-authorizer# choose a branch of your spark versiongit checkout spark-<spark.branch.version>
mvn package

Specifying Spark Authorization for Apache Spark

Branch	Spark Version	Notes
master	master	periodically update to catch up
spark-2.2	2.2.1	-
spark-2.1	2.1.2	-

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Installing Spark Authorizer to Spark

1. cp spark-authorizer-<version>.jar $SPARK_HOME/jars

2. install ranger-hive-plugin for spark

3. configure you hive-site.xml and ranger configuration file, you may find an sample in [./conf]

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Interactive Spark Shell

The easiest way to start using Spark is through the Scala shell:

bin/spark-shell --master yarn --proxy-user hzyaoqin

Secondly, implement the Authorizer Rule to Spark's extra Optimizations.

import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.optimizer.Authorizer

spark.experimental.extraOptimizations ++= Seq(Authorizer)

Check it out

scala> spark.experimental.extraOptimizations
res2: Seq[org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.Rule[org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.LogicalPlan]] = List(org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.optimizer.Authorizer$@1196537d)

Note that extra optimizations are appended to the end of all the inner optimizing rules.
It's good for us to do authorization after column pruning.

Your may notice that it only shut the door for men with a noble character but leave the door open for the scheming ones.

To avoid that, I suggest you modify ExperimentalMethods.scala#L47 and Bulid Spark of your own.

@volatile var extraOptimizations: Seq[Rule[LogicalPlan]] = Nil

to

@volatile val extraOptimizations: Seq[Rule[LogicalPlan]] = Seq(Authorizer)

Make extraOptimizations to a val to avoid reassignment.

Without modifying, you either control the spark session such as supplying a Thrift/JDBC Sever or hope for "Manner maketh Man"

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Suffer for the Authorization Pain

We create a ranger policy as below:

ranger-prolcy-details.png

Check Privilage with some simple cases.

show database

Actually, user [hzyaoqin] show only see only one database -- tpcds_10g_ext, this is not a bug, but a compromise not hacking

scala> spark.sql("show databases").show
+--------------+
|  databaseName|
+--------------+
|       default|
| spark_test_db|
| tpcds_10g_ext|
+--------------+

switch database

scala> spark.sql("use spark_test_db").show
17/12/08 17:06:17 ERROR optimizer.Authorizer:
+===============================+
|Spark SQL Authorization Failure|
|-------------------------------|
|Permission denied: user [hzyaoqin] does not have [USE] privilege on [spark_test_db]
|-------------------------------|
|Spark SQL Authorization Failure|
+===============================+

Oops...

scala> spark.sql("use tpcds_10g_ext").show
++
||
++
++

LOL...

select

scala> spark.sql("select cp_type from catalog_page limit 1").show
17/12/08 17:09:58 ERROR optimizer.Authorizer:
+===============================+
|Spark SQL Authorization Failure|
|-------------------------------|
|Permission denied: user [hzyaoqin] does not have [SELECT] privilege on [tpcds_10g_ext/catalog_page/cp_type]
|-------------------------------|
|Spark SQL Authorization Failure|
+===============================+

Oops...

scala> spark.sql("select * from call_center limit 1").show
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+---------------+-----------------+---------------+--------+--------+------------+--------+--------+-----------+---------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------------+----------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+-------+-----------------+--------+------+-------------+-------------+-----------------+
|cc_call_center_sk|cc_call_center_id|cc_rec_start_date|cc_rec_end_date|cc_closed_date_sk|cc_open_date_sk| cc_name|cc_class|cc_employees|cc_sq_ft|cc_hours| cc_manager|cc_mkt_id|        cc_mkt_class|         cc_mkt_desc|cc_market_manager|cc_division|cc_division_name|cc_company|cc_company_name|cc_street_number|cc_street_name|cc_street_type|cc_suite_number|cc_city|        cc_county|cc_state|cc_zip|   cc_country|cc_gmt_offset|cc_tax_percentage|
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+---------------+-----------------+---------------+--------+--------+------------+--------+--------+-----------+---------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------------+----------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+-------+-----------------+--------+------+-------------+-------------+-----------------+
|                1| AAAAAAAABAAAAAAA|       1998-01-01|           null|             null|        2450952|NY Metro|   large|           2|    1138| 8AM-4PM|Bob Belcher|        6|More than other a...|Shared others cou...|      Julius Tran|          3|             pri|         6|          cally|             730|      Ash Hill|     Boulevard|        Suite 0| Midway|Williamson County|      TN| 31904|United States|        -5.00|             0.11|
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+---------------+-----------------+---------------+--------+--------+------------+--------+--------+-----------+---------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------------+----------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+-------+-----------------+--------+------+-------------+-------------+-----------------+

LOL...

Dataset/DataFrame

scala> spark.read.table("catalog_page").limit(1).collect

17/12/11 14:46:33 ERROR optimizer.Authorizer:+===============================+|Spark SQL Authorization Failure||-------------------------------||Permission denied: user [hzyaoqin] does not have [SELECT] privilege on [tpcds_10g_ext/catalog_page/cp_catalog_page_sk,cp_catalog_page_id,cp_promo_id,cp_start_date_sk,cp_end_date_sk,cp_department,cp_catalog_number,cp_catalog_page_number,cp_description,cp_type]
|-------------------------------|
|Spark SQL Authorization Failure|
+===============================+

Oops...

scala> spark.read.table("call_center").limit(1).collect

res3: Array[org.apache.spark.sql.Row] = Array([1,AAAAAAAABAAAAAAA,1998-01-01,null,null,2450952,NY Metro,large,2,1138,8AM-4PM,Bob Belcher,6,More than other authori,Shared others could not count fully dollars. New members ca,Julius Tran,3,pri,6,cally,730,Ash Hill,Boulevard,Suite 0,Midway,Williamson County,TN,31904,United States,-5.00,0.11])

LOL...

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Testing or Contributing

GitHup repo: https://github.com/yaooqinn/spark-authorizer

Welcome to star, fork and contribute...

作者：风景不美
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/df4a43f22cc1