我们都知道，当对两个表进行关联的时候可以用sql的join语句简单的去实现，并且如果两张表的数据查询非常大，那么一般会讲小表放在左边，可以达到优化的作用，为何呢？其实我们在使用mapreduce的时候小表可以先加载到内存中，然后再与输入数据进行对比，如果匹配成功则关联输出。今天我们将介绍使用mapreduce中mapjoin与reducejoin两种方式对数据的关联并输出。
一、先看数据：
image.png
我们分别将两个数据文件放到hdfs上：
image.png
二、以 order 作为小表在 map 中进行 join，首先我们创建驱动类框架：
public class MapJoinRM extends Configured implements Tool { //加载到内存中的对象
static Map<String, String> customerMap = new HashMap<String, String>(); public int run(String[] args) throws Exception { //driver
//1) 获取配置对象
Configuration configuration = this.getConf(); //2) 创建任务对象
Job job = Job.getInstance(configuration, this.getClass().getSimpleName());
job.setJarByClass(this.getClass()); //3.1) 设置输入
Path path = new Path(args[0]);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, path); //3.2) map 的设置
job.setMapperClass(JoinMapper.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(Text.class); //3.3 reduce 设置
//3.4 添加缓存
URI uri = new URI(args[2]);
job.addCacheFile(uri); //3.5 设置输出
Path output = new Path(args[1]);
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, output); //4. 提交
boolean sucess = job.waitForCompletion(true); return sucess ? 0 : 1;
} public static void main(String[] args) {
args = new String[]{ "hdfs://bigdata-pro01.lcy.com:9000/user/hdfs/order.txt", "hdfs://bigdata-pro01.lcy.com:9000/user/hdfs/output66", "hdfs://bigdata-pro01.lcy.com:9000/user/hdfs/customer.txt"
};
Configuration configuration = new Configuration(); try { //判断是否已经存在路径
Path fileOutputPath = new Path(args[1]);
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(configuration); if(fileSystem.exists(fileOutputPath)){
fileSystem.delete(fileOutputPath, true);
} int status = ToolRunner.run(configuration, new MapJoinRM(), args);
System.exit(status);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}三、实现 mapper 子类处理缓存数据以及关联逻辑的实现：
public static class JoinMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, Text>{ private Text outputKey = new Text(); private Text outputValue = new Text();
@Override
protected void setup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException { //缓存数据的处理
Configuration configuration = context.getConfiguration();
URI[] uri = Job.getInstance(configuration).getCacheFiles();
Path path = new Path(uri[0]);
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(configuration);
InputStream inputStream = fileSystem.open(path);
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
String line = null; while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){ if(line.trim().length() > 0){
customerMap.put(line.split(",")[0], line);
}
}
bufferedReader.close();
inputStreamReader.close();
inputStream.close();
} @Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String lineValue = value.toString();
StringTokenizer stringTokenizer = new StringTokenizer(lineValue, ","); while(stringTokenizer.hasMoreTokens()){
String wordValue = stringTokenizer.nextToken(); if(customerMap.get(wordValue) != null){
outputKey.set(wordValue);
outputValue.set(customerMap.get(wordValue) + lineValue);
context.write(outputKey, outputValue); break;
}
}
} @Override
protected void cleanup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
}
}四、运行程序并在控制台中命令查看关联结果：
bin/hdfs dfs -text /user/hdfs/output66/part*
运行结果如图：
image.png
大小表的关联就这么简单，接下来我们使用 reduce 的进行 join
五、由于在 reduce 中进行 join 的话是同时加载两个数据进来的，为了区分从 map 中传进来的数据，我们要自定义一个类型，设置一个变量用于标识是哪张表的数据，这样我们在reduce中才能区分哪些数据是属于哪张表的：
public class DataJoionWritable implements Writable { private String tag; private String data; public DataJoionWritable() {
} public DataJoionWritable(String tag, String data) { this.set(tag, data);
} public void set(String tag, String data){ this.tag = tag; this.data = data;
} public void write(DataOutput dataOutput) throws IOException {
dataOutput.writeUTF(this.getTag());
dataOutput.writeUTF(this.getData());
} public void readFields(DataInput dataInput) throws IOException { this.setTag(dataInput.readUTF()); this.setData(dataInput.readUTF());
} public String getTag() { return tag;
} public void setTag(String tag) { this.tag = tag;
} public String getData() { return data;
} public void setData(String data) { this.data = data;
} @Override
public String toString() { return "DataJoionWritable{" + "tag='" + tag + '\'' + ", data='" + data + '\'' + '}';
}
}六、为了方便使用表示常量我们创建一个常用类：
public class DataCommon { public final static String CUSTOMER = "customer"; public final static String ORDER = "order";
}七、创建驱动类的通用框架：
public class ReduceJoinMR extends Configured implements Tool { public int run(String args[]) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException { //driver
//1) 获取配置对象
Configuration configuration = this.getConf(); //2) 创建任务对象
Job job = Job.getInstance(configuration, this.getClass().getSimpleName());
job.setJarByClass(this.getClass()); //3.1) 设置输入
Path path = new Path(args[0]);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, path); //3.2) map 的设置
job.setMapperClass(JoinMapper2.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(DataJoionWritable.class); //3.3 reduce 设置
job.setReducerClass(JoinReduce2.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(NullWritable.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(Text.class); //3.4 设置输出
Path output = new Path(args[1]);
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, output); //4. 提交
boolean sucess = job.waitForCompletion(true); return sucess ? 0 : 1;
} public static void main(String[] args) { //datas目录下有已存在要关联的两个数据文件
args = new String[]{ "hdfs://bigdata-pro01.lcy.com:9000/user/hdfs/datas", "hdfs://bigdata-pro01.lcy.com:9000/user/hdfs/output100"
};
Configuration configuration = new Configuration(); try { //判断是否已经存在路径
Path fileOutputPath = new Path(args[1]);
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(configuration); if(fileSystem.exists(fileOutputPath)){
fileSystem.delete(fileOutputPath, true);
} int status = ToolRunner.run(configuration, new ReduceJoinMR(), args);
System.exit(status);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}八、接下来我们开始实现 Mapper 的数据逻辑的处理：
public static class JoinMapper2 extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, DataJoionWritable>{ private Text outputKey = new Text();
DataJoionWritable outputValue = new DataJoionWritable(); @Override
protected void setup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
} @Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String[] values = value.toString().split(","); if((3 != values.length) && (4 != values.length)) return; //customer
if(3 == values.length){
String cid = values[0];
String name = values[1];
String telphone = values[2];
outputKey.set(cid);
outputValue.set(DataCommon.CUSTOMER,name + ","+telphone);
} //order
if(4 == values.length){
String cid = values[1];
String price = values[2];
String productName = values[3];
outputKey.set(cid);
outputValue.set(DataCommon.ORDER,productName + ","+price);
}
context.write(outputKey,outputValue);
} @Override
protected void cleanup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
}
}九、使用 reduce 对数据的关联处理：
public static class JoinReduce2 extends Reducer<Text, DataJoionWritable, NullWritable, Text>{ private Text outputValue = new Text(); @Override
protected void setup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
} @Override
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<DataJoionWritable> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String customerInfo = null;
List<String> orderList = new ArrayList<String>(); for (DataJoionWritable dataJoinWritable : values){ if(DataCommon.CUSTOMER.equals(dataJoinWritable.getTag())){
customerInfo = dataJoinWritable.getData();
} else if(DataCommon.ORDER.equals(dataJoinWritable.getTag())){
orderList.add(dataJoinWritable.getData());
}
} for (String orderInfo : orderList){ if(customerInfo == null) continue;
outputValue.set(key.toString() +","+ customerInfo + ","+ orderInfo);
context.write(NullWritable.get(),outputValue);
}
} @Override
protected void cleanup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
}
}十、使用命令查询结果如下：
image.png
由于时间过于紧迫，基本上就粘贴代码了，后续会优化，在此感谢老师的思路。。。
作者：小飞牛_666
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/8824ac972f27
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